Sales Assistant Questions

Concave mirror:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">In a concave mirror, the outer surface of the sphere is reflecting surface</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The radius of curvature of a concave mirror is negative.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">A concave mirror converges all the light rays at a single point.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">A concave mirror may form a real image or a virtual image depending on the position of the image.</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Uses : Shaving mirrors, Head mirrors, Ophthalmoscope, Astronomical telescopes, Headlights, Solar furnaces etc.</li></ul> Convex mirror:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">In a convex mirror, the inner surface of the sphere is a reflecting surface.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The radius of curvature of a convex mirror is positive.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">A convex mirror diverges the light rays falling on it.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">A convex mirror always forms a virtual image.</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Uses : When convex mirrors are used, the magnification of objects becomes simple.</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It is used in sunglasses, rear-view mirror in automobiles, reflector for street lights etc</li></ul>&nbsp;

7 Fundamental SI Units:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Length (l) – Meter (m)</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Mass (M) - Kilogram (kg)</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Time (T) - Second (s)</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Electric current (I) - Ampere (A)</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Thermodynamic temperature (Θ) - Kelvin (K)</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Amount of substance (N) - Mole (mol)</li><li value="7" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Luminous intensity (J) – Candela (cd)</li></ul> SI Derived Units:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Force, Weight - Newton (N)</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Frequency – Hertz (Hz)</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Electric charge - Coulomb (C)</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Electric potential (Voltage) - Volt (V)</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Inductance - Henry (H)</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Capacitance – Farad (F)</li><li value="7" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Resistance, Impedance, Reactance - Ohm (Ω)</li><li value="8" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Electrical conductance - Siemens (S)</li><li value="9" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Magnetic flux – Weber (Wb)</li><li value="10" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Magnetic flux density - Tesla (T)&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li value="11" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Energy, Work, Heat – Joule (J)</li><li value="12" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Power, Radiant flux – Watt (W)</li><li value="13" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Angle – Radian (rad) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li value="14" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Radioactivity - Becquerel (Bq)</li><li value="15" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Luminous flux – Lumen (lm)</li><li value="16" style="margin: 0px 32px;">momentum (P) - kilogram meter per second (kg⋅ m/s)</li><li value="17" style="margin: 0px 32px;">magnetic field (B) - Tesla</li><li value="18" style="margin: 0px 32px;">heat - joule</li><li value="19" style="margin: 0px 32px;">velocity - m/s</li><li value="20" style="margin: 0px 32px;">pressure - pascal (Pa)</li></ul>&nbsp;

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• Ctrl + N :- Create a new or blank document in some software programs

• Ctrl + O :- Open a file in current, software program

• Ctrl + K :- It is used to create hyperlinks

The Nehru Report<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Nehru Report was a significant document in India's struggle for independence.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It was published on August 15, 1928.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The report proposed Dominion Status for India, a step towards self-governance.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It outlined a federal structure for the future Indian state.</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The report suggested joint electorates with reserved seats for minorities.</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The All Parties Conference, chaired by Motilal Nehru, drafted the report.</li><li value="7" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Jawaharlal Nehru served as the secretary of the committee.</li><li value="8" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The report aimed to address the communal divide in India.</li><li value="9" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The document laid the groundwork for future constitutional developments.</li></ul>The Meerut Conspiracy Case<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Meerut Conspiracy Case was a significant political trial in British India.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It began in March 1929 and concluded in 1933.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The case involved the arrest and trial of several trade unionists and communists.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Three British citizens were among the accused.</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The accused were charged with organizing a railway strike and conspiring against British rule.</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The case was a major setback for the Communist Party of India.</li><li value="7" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It symbolized British repression of the Indian independence movement.</li></ul>Communal Award by Ramsay MacDonald<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Communal Award was announced on August 16, 1932, by British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It was a unilateral decision made after the Round Table Conferences.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The award aimed to address communal tensions in India.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It established separate electorates for various religious and social groups.</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The depressed classes, later known as Scheduled Castes, were granted reserved seats.</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The award was based on the recommendations of the Indian Franchise Committee.</li><li value="7" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It deepened communal divisions in India and faced widespread criticism.</li></ul>

Morphine<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The main alkaloid morphine in opium poppy is a naturally occurring analgesic opioid and one of the most potent pain relievers.</li></ul>

Alnico<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 32px;">To make powerful magnets, an alloy called 'Alnico' is used. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Alnico is an alloy of aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co). </li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The name 'Alnico' is derived from the symbols of these elements.</li></ul>

K.P.S. Menon<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">K.P.S. Menon was born in Kottayam, Travancore State, Kerala, in 1898, and educated at C.M.S. School, Kottayam.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">K.P.S. Menon was the first Indian to join the Foreign and Political Department, serving in the North West Frontier of India, Baluchistan, Hyderabad, Rajputana, and the Central Secretariat.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">He served overseas as the Agent of the Government of India in Ceylon (1929-1933) and visited Indian communities in Zanzibar and East Africa in 1934.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">In 1943, Menon became the Agent General for India in China and was the Chief Adviser to the Indian Delegation at the San Francisco Conference, which led to the formation of the United Nations in 1945.</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;"> He served as the Chairman of the UN Commission on Korea in 1947 and was the first Secretary of India after independence.</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">From 1952 to 1961, he was the Indian Ambassador to the Soviet Union, also accredited to Poland and Hungary.</li><li value="7" style="margin: 0px 32px;">After retirement, Menon held honorary positions such as President of the Sangeeth Nataka Akademy, Chairman of the Indian Statistical Institute, and President of the Indo-Soviet Cultural Society.</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px 32px;">The&nbsp;world’s first fleet of hydrogen-powered passenger trains&nbsp;was launched by&nbsp;Germany. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The first fleet of hydrogen-powered passenger trains has replaced&nbsp;15 diesel trains&nbsp;that were previously operated on nonelectrified tracks in Lower Saxony, Germany. </li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The engine of the trains is powered by electricity generated using hydrogen fuel cells.</li><li value="4" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px 32px;">The&nbsp;use of hydrogen&nbsp;is a clean alternative to fossil fuels as per the German government’s announcement. </li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The state governor Stephan Weil said that&nbsp;Lower Saxony&nbsp;has invested a total of 93 million euros for the first fleet of hydrogen-powered passenger train projects. </li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">This invitation is an excellent example and effort to make the economy of Germany greener.</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Castling is&nbsp;the only time in chess when two pieces can move at once and when a piece, other than the knight, can move over another piece. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The king moves two spaces to the left or right, and the rook moves over and beside the king, all in one move.</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The novel Pandavapuram of K.S. Sethumadhavan [Sethu] considers the scope of varied dimensions of diversified and creative woman persona or the endless possibilities of complexities in woman mindset, as evolved through the inner conflicts of the character 'Devi'. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The novel extends wholehearted endeavor for the proliferation of independence and equality for women in all respects especially through the relentless war from within. </li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Devi represents the contemporary woman who strives all possible ways to live on an extra ordinary life.&nbsp;</li></ul>

The Phoney War<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Phoney War was a period of relative inactivity on the Western Front at the beginning of World War II, from September 1939 to May 1940. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Despite the official declaration of war between Germany and the Allies (France and Britain), there was minimal ground combat. </li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">This period of unexpected quiet led to the sarcastic term "Phoney War," coined by the American press. </li></ul>Operation Barbarossa<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Operation Barbarossa was the code name for the German invasion of the Soviet Union, which began on June 22, 1941. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It was a massive military operation involving millions of troops, and it marked a turning point in World War II.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Despite initial victories, the German advance stalled due to the harsh Russian winter, the resilience of the Soviet people, and strategic errors.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Red Army eventually launched a counteroffensive, pushing the Germans back and ultimately leading to Germany's defeat.</li></ul>Japan attacked Pearl Harbor<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Japan's surprise military attack on Pearl Harbor took place on December 7, 1941.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The target of the attack was the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The attack was carried out by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Japanese aimed to cripple the U.S. Pacific Fleet to facilitate their expansion in the Pacific.</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The attack resulted in significant damage to the U.S. naval fleet and the loss of numerous lives.</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">This event prompted the United States to enter World War II.</li><li value="7" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The attack on Pearl Harbor is often referred to as a "day of infamy" in American history.</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="text-align: start; margin: 0px 32px;">Kathakali vijnanakosam by : Krishna Kaimal, Aymanam.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Published : (1986)</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Language : Malayalam</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Subjects : Encyclopedia of Kathakali</li></ul> <table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; overflow: scroll; table-layout: fixed; width: max-content; margin: 30px 0px;"><colgroup></colgroup><tbody><tr></tr></tbody></table>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">A computer’s motherboard is typically the largest printed circuit board in a machine’s chassis.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;"> It distributes electricity and facilitates communication between and to the central processing unit (CPU), random access memory (RAM), and any other component of the computer’s hardware. T</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">here is a broad range of motherboards, each of which is intended to be compatible with a specific model and size of the computer.</li></ul>

To connect and allow communications between various components

<h2 dir="ltr" style="text-align: center; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(255,255,255); font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-transform: uppercase;">Kerala Sangeetha Nadaka Academy</h2><ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="text-align: start; margin: 0px 32px;">Kerala Sangeetha Nadaka Academy was established on 26th April 1958 in Thrissur. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It was inaugurated by the prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru. </li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Manku Thamburan was the first chairperson of Kerala Sangeetha Nadaka Academy. </li><li value="4" style="text-align: start; margin: 0px 32px;">Various art forms like music, drama and dance forms are promoted and nurtured in the academy. </li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Books and journals about these artforms are also being published from the Kerala Sangeetha Nadaka Academy. </li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Keli is the bi-monthly published journal of Kerala Sangeetha Nadaka Academy. </li><li value="7" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Along with this, fellowships and awards are given to artists.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The word&nbsp;concatenate&nbsp;is just another way of saying "to combine" or "to join together". </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The CONCATENATE function allows you to combine text from different cells into one cell. </li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Indian filmmaker&nbsp;Payal Kapadia&nbsp;wins Grand Prix at Cannes, PM Modi lauds achievement. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Indian filmmaker Payal Kapadia etched her name in the annals of cinematic history at the 2024 Cannes Film Festival as her directorial debut drama, “All We Imagine as Light” clinched the prestigious Grand Prix award.</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Ctrl + Enter&nbsp;is the keyboard shortcut in MS-Word that starts a new page.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;"> It inserts page break, you can click the page option in the pages group on the insert tab. </li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Shift + Ctrl + Enter is a column break.</li></ul>

• Examples of Input Units - Keyboard, Mouse, Touch Screen, Light Pen, Joystick, Microphone, Scanner, Barcode Reader, Optical Mark Reader. Biometric Sensor, Digital Camera, Smart Card Reader

• Examples of Output Units - Visual Display Unit, Printer, LCD Projector, Plotter, Speakers, Head Phones,

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Random Access Memory (RAM)&nbsp;is a type of computer memory that is used to temporarily store data that the computer is currently using or processing. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">RAM is volatile memory, which means that the data stored in it is lost when the power is turned off.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;"> RAM is typically used to store the operating system, application programs, and data that the computer is currently using.</li></ul>

<table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; overflow: scroll; table-layout: fixed; width: max-content; margin: 30px 0px;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; text-align: start; background-color: transparent !important;">Hexadecimal Digit</th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; text-align: start; background-color: transparent !important;">Decimal Equivalent</th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; text-align: start; background-color: transparent !important;">Binary Equivalent</th></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; text-align: start; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; background-color: transparent !important; color: rgb(255,255,255);">C</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; text-align: start; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; background-color: transparent !important; color: rgb(255,255,255);">12</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; text-align: start; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; background-color: transparent !important; color: rgb(255,255,255);">1100</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; text-align: start; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; background-color: transparent !important; color: rgb(255,255,255);">D</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; text-align: start; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; background-color: transparent !important; color: rgb(255,255,255);">13</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; text-align: start; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; background-color: transparent !important; color: rgb(255,255,255);">1101</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; text-align: start; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; background-color: transparent !important; color: rgb(255,255,255);">E</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; text-align: start; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; background-color: transparent !important; color: rgb(255,255,255);">14</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; text-align: start; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; background-color: transparent !important; color: rgb(255,255,255);">1110</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; text-align: start; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; background-color: transparent !important; color: rgb(255,255,255);">F</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; text-align: start; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; background-color: transparent !important; color: rgb(255,255,255);">15</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); width: 75px; min-width: 75px; vertical-align: top; text-align: start; padding: 6px 8px; position: relative; outline: none; background-color: transparent !important; color: rgb(255,255,255);">1111</td></tr></tbody></table>

Beginning of English Education in Travancore <ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">English education was introduced on a large scale during Swati Tirunal's reign in Travancore</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The first state English school was established in the capital city of Travancore in 1834.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Five more English schools were subsequently opened in different parts of the state in 1835.</li></ul>The first Post office in Travancore<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The first Post office in Travancore in was started in Alappuzha during the reign of Utram Tirunal Marthandavarma</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It was established in - 1857</li></ul>The Pandarapatta Proclamation<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Pandarapatta Proclamation was a significant land reform in the princely state of Travancore.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Its primary purpose was to grant land ownership rights to tenants, who were cultivating government lands known as Pandaravakas</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The proclamation was issued by Ayilyam Thirunal, the King of Travancore in 1863</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The actual implementation and notification of the proclamation were carried out by the Diwan (Chief Minister) of the state.</li></ul>Formation of the Legislative Council in 1888<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">On March 30, 1888, Maharaja Sri Moolam Tirunal of Travancore established the Travancore Legislative Council through a regulation, on the recommendation of Dewan T. Rama Rao.&nbsp;</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The council was the first legislative body in a princely state in India.&nbsp;</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It was intended to create laws and regulations, and had a three-year term.&nbsp;</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">A&nbsp;watermark&nbsp;is a graphic or word(s) displayed as the background to a written document. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Typically, a watermark appears in a light gray, large font, so it can be easily seen by readers of the document, but not so dark that it makes the document difficult to read.</li></ul>

Go to Page Layout and Click on WaterMark.

Examples of Browser Software - Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Internet Explorer, Opera, Tor

Kuno National Park<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It is located in Madhya Pradesh, India.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It was established as a wildlife sanctuary in 1981 and upgraded to a national park in 2018.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The park is known for its efforts to reintroduce cheetahs to India.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Kuno is part of the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion.</li></ul>

Major Irrigation Project <ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Major irrigation project is a classification of irrigation projects used in India. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">A project with a cultivable command area of more than 10,000 hectares is classified as a major irrigation project.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Before the Fifth Five - Year Plan , irrigation schemes were classified on the basis of investments needed to implement the scheme. </li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Since the Fifth Five - Year Plan , India has adopted the command area - based system of classification.</li></ul>

First Five Year Plan<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Period : 1951-1956</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The first five year plan was based on : Harrod - Domer Model</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The first five year plan gave priority to : Agricultural Development </li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">First Five Year Plan is also known as : Agricultural Plan </li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The architect of the preamble of first five year plan of India : K. N. Raj</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Summer Solstice - June 21</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Vernal Equinox - March 21</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Winter Solstice - December 22</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Autumnal Equinox - September 23</li></ul>

the value of Y is  less  than the value of  x is

= 25/(100 + 25) × 100

= 25/125 × 100

= 20%

• IF Function is the condition to be tested and evaluate as either True or False

= IF (logical_test,TRUE([value_if_true]), FALSE ([value_if_false]))

= IF (logical_test, [value_if_true], [value_if_false])

= IF (logical_test,{[value_if_true]}, {[value_if_false]})

= IF (logical_test: [value_if_true], [value_if_false])

ratio of the salaries

Raju : Radha : Geetha = 3 : 5 : 7

= 3x : 5x : 7x

if Geetha gets Rs.868  more to Raju

7x - 3x = 868

4x = 868

x = 217

Radha's salary = 5x 

= 5 × 217 

=  1085

Economic Reforms of 1991 <ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">In 1991 July, Rupee was devalued twice. It was followed by many other reforms in various sectors. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">These reforms included opening for foreign capital , trade and investment , deregulation of industrial sector , initiation of privatization and tax reforms. </li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Rupee was devalued in order to increase exports.</li></ul>

Rupee was devalued in order to increase exports 

Indian rupee was devalued in three stages 

GST Council<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">A constitutional body for making recommendations to the Union and State Government on issues related to Goods and Services Tax </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">GST Council was constituted on 15th September 2016</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Chairman ; Union Finance Minister </li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">First Chairman of GST Council : Arun Jaitley </li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Present Chairman : Nirmala Sitharaman </li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Other members of GST Council : Union State Minister of Revenue or Finance , State Minister of Finance or Taxation or any other Minister nominated by each State.</li><li value="7" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The first meeting of GST Council was held in ; New Delhi</li><li value="8" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Headquarters of GST Council is in ; New Delhi</li></ul>

average speed =   total  distance /  total time taken 

 Total distance = 120 + 80 + 240 = 440

total time  taken = 7 + 5 + 10 = 22 hours

average speed = 440/22

= 20 km/hr

ഒരു സംഖ്യശ്രേണിയുടെ n പദം 
= a + (n - 1)d

രണ്ടാം പദവും ഏഴാം പദവും തമ്മിലുള്ള അനുപാതം = 1/3

⇒ (a + d)/(a + 6d) = 1/3

3(a + d) = a + 6d

3a + 3d = a + 6d

2a = 3d

a = 3/2d

5th പദം  is 11 

⇒ a + 4d = 11

   3/2d + 4d = 11

  3d + 8d = 22

 11d = 22

 d = 22/11 = 2

 a = 3/2 × 2 = 3

15th പദം 

a + 14d = 3 + 14 × 2

 = 3 + 28

= 31

President <ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Article : 356</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Under Article 356 , President can proclaim a State Emergency either on the report of the Governor or otherwise.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It is also known as President's Rule or Constitutional Emergency.</li></ul> <ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">There are two grounds to issue a State Emergency </li></ul><ol style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Breakdown of constitutional machinery in the state.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Failure of the state to comply with or to give effect to any direction given by the Centre.</li></ol> <ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">A proclamation of President's Rule must be approved by the Parliament within two months by simple majority.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">President's Rule can be extended to a maximum period of three years subject to the approval of the Parliament every six month.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">A state emergency can be revolved by the President at any time.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">During the President's Rule, President can take up the executive and legislative functions of the state. However he cannot assume to himself, the powers vested in the State High Court or suspend the provisions relating to it.</li></ul>

6 months, extendable for a maximum of 6 years

6 months, extendable for a maximum of 3 years

6 months, extendable for a maximum of 1 years

6 months, extendable for a maximum of 5 years

cuboid is  3  dimensional  and the rest  are  2  dimensional

write GRABPONT in rivers order 

⇒ TNOPBARG

then alternatively subtract  and add  6  to each letter 

T - 6 = N, N + 6 = T, O - 6 = I, P + 6 = V, B - 6 = V,

A + 6 = G, R - 6 = L, G + 6 = M

similarly ,

TMVLRBDE = EDBRLVMT

E - 6 = Y, D + 6 = J, B - 6 = V, R +  6 = X, L - 6 = F, V + 6 = B, M - 6 = G, T + 6 = Z

⇒ TMVLRBDE = YJVXFBGZ

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Powers of the Municipalities are given in Part XII of the Constitution.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Provision related to the amendment of the Constitution are given in Part XX of the Constitution.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Emergency Provisions are given in the Part XVIII of the Constitution.</li></ul>

Powers of the Municipalities are given in Part XII of the Constitution 

Provision related to the amendment of the Constitution are given in Part XX of the Constitution 

Emergency Provision are given in the Part XVIII of the Constitution 

<img src="https://challenger-images.sgp1.digitaloceanspaces.com/question-images/1723011082065-blob" alt="" width="260" height="189.8"> shortest distance AD = √(AE² + DE²) = √(9² + 12²) = √(81 + 144) = √(225) = 15 KM

Mission Shakthi<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Mission Shakthi was launched during the 15th Finance Commission period of 2021-2022 to 2025-26. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Mission Shakthi guidelines have been active since 1 April 2022.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Mission Shakthi is a program that takes charge of the safety , security , and empowerment of women.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Government of India introduced it under the Ministry of Women and Child Development.</li></ul>

<img src="https://challenger-images.sgp1.digitaloceanspaces.com/question-images/1723011108943-blob" alt="" width="256" height="137.2108108108108"> Deepak and the boy are brothers

total work = lcm(8, 12) = 24

efficiency of John = 24/8 = 3

efficiency of Sara = 24/12 = 2

 efficiency of John and Sarah together = 3 + 2 = 5

the time taken by Sara and join to complete the job together 

=  total work /  efficiency 

= 24/5

= 4⅘

initial ratio A : B = 3 : 4 = 3X : 4X

if 7 l of liquid a is added to the container  new ratio = 4 : 3

⇒ (3X + 7)/4X = 4X/3X

⇒ 9X + 21 = 16X

7X = 21

⇒ X = 21/7 = 3

initial quantity of liquid A in the container  = 3X = 9L

vice chairperson of Kerala state planning board 2024  is prof. V.K. Ramachandran.

97th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2011 is concerned with Organization and working of Cooperative societies.

Organization and working of Cooperative societies

Economic justice as one of the objectives of the Indian Constitution has been provided in the Preamble and Directive Principles.

Preamble, Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles

Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles

Jawaharlal Nehru inaugurated the first generation panchayath in Rajasthan on 2nd October 1959 .

The theme of the World Environment Day 2024 is ‘Land Restoration, Desertification, and Drought Resilience.’ It mainly aims at bringing back healthy land, keeping desserts from developing and managing water shortages. In 2024, it was hosted by Saudi Arabia.

Deserts and Desertification Desert Drylands | Algeria

Land Restoration, Desertification and Drought Resilience | Saudi Arabia

Naegleria fowleri:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Naegleria fowleri is an amoeba that thrives in warm freshwater lakes, ponds and rivers.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It can also survive in poorly maintained swimming pools in rare cases.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">As it can infect the brain and destroy the tissues there, this one-celled organism is also called ‘brain-eating amoeba’.</li></ul> Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis or PAM:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis or PAM is is a rare brain infection caused by Naegleria fowleri. These infections, though rare, are fatal and 97% of the patients don’t survive.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The infection happens when people go for a swim in lakes, ponds or rivers, during the summer. More usually in warm stagnant and unhygienic water resources.</li></ul> Mode of infection:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The amoeba enters the body through the nose and reaches the brain.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">As infects the brain and destroy the brain tissues along with swelling of the brain.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The infection does not spread from people to people nor by drinking water contaminated with the amoeba.</li></ul> Symptoms:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Headache, fever, nausea and vomiting are its early symptoms.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Stiff neck, confusion, lack of attention to people and surroundings, loss of balance and hallucinations are the later symptoms.</li></ul>

The disease is known as amoebic meningoencephalitis. 

Caused by the pathogen entamoeba hystolitica. 

Usually, fatal infection of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) 

Chandrayan-3: <ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Chandrayan-3 was the 3rd lunar exploration mission developed by ISRO.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">On July 14, 2023, Chandrayaan-3 took off from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The spacecraft seamlessly entered lunar orbit on August 5, 2023.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The historic moment unfolded when the lander made a successful touchdown near the Lunar south pole on Aug 23, 2023.</li></ul> Note:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Lander – Vikram</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Rover – Pragyan</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Launch site – Satish Dhawan Space Centre</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Rocket - LVM3 M4</li></ul>&nbsp;

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Preamble to the Constitution reflects the core constitutional values that embody the Constitution. It declares India a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic committed to Justice, Equality, and Liberty for the people.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Preamble does not grant substantive rights and is not enforceable in the courts. Still, various Indian courts have engaged with the Preamble and have treated it as a guiding light in the interpretation of the Constitution.</li></ul>

Liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship

To abide by the Constitution and respects its ideals and institutions.

To Promote equality of status and opportunity to all

Chalcogens: <ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The chalcogens are the elements that belong to group 16 of the modern periodic table</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">They are also called chalcogens / Oxygen family.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">They are called chalcogens because, most of the copper ores have copper in the form of oxides and sulphides. They also contain small amounts of selenium and tellurium. The ores of copper are called 'chalcos' in Greek.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">All chalcogens have a total of 6 electrons in their respective valence shells.</li></ul>&nbsp;

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">There are 5 types of writs:</li></ul><ol style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Habeas Corpus</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Mandamus</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Prohibition</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The certiorari</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Quo-Warranto.</li></ol> Habeas Corpus:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Latin word 'habeas corpus' means : 'to have the body'</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Writ issued for the release of a person wrongfully detained : Habeas Corpus</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Writ known as the protector of personal liberty : Habeas corpus</li></ul>2. Mandamus:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Latin word 'mandamus' means : 'we command'</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Writ issued by a court requiring an officer or public body to perform their duty : Mandamus</li></ul>&nbsp;3. Prohibition:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Meaning of the word Prohibition is : to forbid</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The writ issued by the High Court to restrain the lower court, when it violates its jurisdiction, or acts contrary to natural justice : Prohibition</li></ul>4. Certiorari:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The word 'Certiorari' means: To give knowledge about something</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Writ ordering the transfer of a case from a lower court to a superior court: Certiorari</li></ul>&nbsp;5. Quo Warranto:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Quo Warranto is a Latin word which means : by what authority</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Writ which is primarily used to restrain a person from holding office for which he is not entitled : Quo Warranto</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">A court can by writ of quo warranto, remove from office an officer who has improperly entered into office and exercised unlawful authority.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Quo Warranto can't be issued against private individuals</li></ul>

The Lower Court prohibiting the continuation of proceedings in a case

A Government officer prohibiting him from taking a particular action.

An Individual prohibiting him from a particular action

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Waves are produced by wind </li></ul>Correct pairs of Waves <ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Longitudinal Waves - Push Pull Waves</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Tsunami - Seismic Sea Waves</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Rogue Waves - Super Waves</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Orbital Waves - Interface Waves</li></ul>

Longitudinal Waves – Interface Waves, Tsunami – Seismic Sea Waves, Rogue Waves - Push Pull Waves ,Orbital Waves -Super Waves

Longitudinal Waves – Super Waves, Tsunami – Push Pull Waves, Rogue Waves – Interface Waves, Orbital Waves – Seismic Sea Waves

Longitudinal Waves – Seismic Sea Waves, Tsunami – Interface Waves, Rogue Waves – Push Pull Waves, Orbital Waves – Super Waves

Longitudinal Waves - Push Pull Waves, Tsunami - Seismic Sea Waves, Rogue Waves - Super Waves, Orbital Waves - Interface Waves

schemes are provided for the empowerment of Differently abled persons:
Athijeevanam
 pariraksha 
mathrujyothi

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The powers and functions of the Election Commission with regard to elections to the Parliament, state legislatures and offices of President and Vice-President can be classified into three categories 1. Administrative 2. Advisory 3. Quasi-Judicial Expenses and salary charged upon Consolidated Fund of India and equal to Judges of Supreme Court.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Dinesh Goswami Committee, 1990: Recommended that Election Commission must be a 3-member body.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Recognition of political parties and allotment of election symbols are made by: Election Commission</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">First Malayali to become the Chief Election Commissioner: T N Sheshan</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Longest serving Chief Election Commissioner of India: K V K Sundaram</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Shortest duration as Chief Election Commissioner &amp; first Women Chief Election Commissioner: V S RamaDevi&nbsp;</li></ul>

Vitamins and their deficiency diseases:<ol class="ChallengerEditorTheme__ol1_dark" style="color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">ascorbic acid (Vitamin - C) : Scurvy</li><li value="2" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">thiamine (Vitamin - B1) : Beri beri</li><li value="3" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">riboflavin (Vitamin - B2) : Ariboflavinosis</li><li value="4" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">niacin (Vitamin - B3) : Pellagra</li><li value="5" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">pantothenic acid (Vitamin - B5) : neurodegeneration &amp; dementia</li><li value="6" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">pyridoxine (Vitamin - B6) : anaemia &amp; dermatitis</li><li value="7" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">biotin (Vitamin - B7) : hair loss, dry scaly skin, cheilitis, glossitis etc.</li><li value="8" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">folic acid (Vitamin - B9) : folate deficiency anemia</li><li value="9" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">cyanocobalamin (Vitamin - B12) : Macrocytic anemia</li><li value="10" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">retinol (Vitamin - A) : Night blindness</li><li value="11" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">calciferol (Vitamin - D) : Rickets</li><li value="12" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">tocopherol (Vitamin - E) : Sterility / infertility</li><li value="13" class="ChallengerEditorTheme__listItem_dark">phylloquinone (Vitamin - K) : excessive bleeding</li></ol>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">CGST - Central Goods and Services Tax</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">IGST - Integrated Goods and Services Tax</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">SGST - State Goods and Services Tax</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Himalayas is the highest mountain range in the world </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Himalayas is the youngest and the loftiest mountain chains in the world</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Greater Himalayas is otherwise known as Himadri</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The back bone of Himalaya - Himadri</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Average height of Himadri - 6000 metre</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Nepal Himalaya - The Himalayas between Kali &amp; Tista </li><li value="7" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Range of Nepal Himalaya - 800 km </li><li value="8" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Dhaulagiri Peak is located in Nepal Himalaya</li></ul>

 The Himalayas between Satluj and Kali rivers is known as Nepal Himalayas

The Greater Himalayas is otherwise known as Himadri

Himalayas is the youngest and the loftiest mountain chains in the world

Dhaulagiri Peak is located in Trans Himalayas

ADVOCATE GENERAL OF STATE.<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Advocate General is the first law officer of a State.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">His office and functions are comparable to that of the Attorney General of India.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Appointed by the Governor and holds the office during his pleasure.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Submits resignation to Governor.</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">He has the right to attend and speak in the proceedings of either Houses of the State Legislature without any right to vote.</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">He has the right of audience in any Court in the State.</li><li value="7" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Article 165 - Each State shall have an Advocate General.</li><li value="8" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Article 177 - Right of Audience in State Legislature and its committees but no right to vote.</li><li value="9" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Article 194 - Rights, Privileges and Immunities of Advocate General of India which are available to State Legislature Members.</li></ul>

Respiratory system:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Our respiratory system takes up oxygen from the air we breathe and expels the unwanted carbon dioxide.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The main organ of the respiratory system is the lungs. Our respiratory system is made up of lungs, airways (trachea, bronchi and bronchioles), diaphragm, voice box, throat, nose and mouth.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Its main function is to breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.</li></ul> Pulmonary ventilation:<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Pulmonary ventilation is commonly referred to as breathing.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">It is the process of air flowing into the lungs during inspiration (inhalation) and out of the lungs during expiration (exhalation).</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Air flows because of pressure differences between the atmosphere and the gases inside the lungs.</li></ul> Inhalation: When the lungs inhale, the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward. At the same time, the muscles between the ribs contract and pull upward. This increases the size of the thoracic cavity and decreases the pressure inside. As a result, air rushes in and fills the lungs.Exhalation: When the lungs exhale, the diaphragm relaxes, and the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases, while the pressure within it increases. Respiratory acidosis: Respiratory acidosis is when our lungs can't remove all the carbon dioxide that your body produces, so your blood pH is lower (more acidic) than normal and blood becomes acidic. Respiratory alkalosis: Respiratory alkalosis is when hyperventilation prevents our lungs from removing excess carbon dioxide, and blood pH is higher (more basic) than normal.

It consists of Nostrils, Nasal chamber, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchia and Alveoli. 

Pulmonary ventilation by atmospheric air is drawn in and O2 rich alveolar air is released out. 

It helps to keep a stable pH within the body and maintain respiratory acidosis and respiratory alkalosis. 

Inspiration occurs if the pressure within the lungs is greater than the atmospheric pressure. 

Article 19: 6 freedoms<ol style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Freedom of expression</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Freedom to form associations</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Freedom of movement</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Freedom to reside and settle anywhere in India</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Freedom to do any job</li></ol>

Right to freedom of speech and expression

Right to protect life and personal liberty

Right to move freely throughout the territory of India.

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Chotanagpur industrial region is known as 'Ruhr of India'</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Mumbai is known as 'Cottonopolis of India'</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Coimbatore is known as the 'Manchester of Tamil Nadu'</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Jute industry is the main industry of Hugli industrial region</li></ul>

Hugli industrial region is known as the 'Cottonopolis of India'

Salem is known as the 'Manchester of Tamil Nadu'

Plantation agriculture is the industrial base of Hugli industrial region

Chotanagpur industrial region is known as 'Ruhr of India'

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) was constituted under an Act of Parliament with a vision to play the role of a premier institute for capacity development in India and the region. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The efforts in this direction that began with the formation of the National Centre for Disaster Management (NCDM) in 1995 gained impetus with its redesignation as the National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) for training and capacity development. </li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Under the Disaster Management Act 2005, NIDM has been assigned nodal responsibilities for human resource development, capacity building, training, research, documentation and policy advocacy in the field of disaster management</li></ul>

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.

നെല്ലിയാമ്പതി പീഠഭൂമി - മിനാരപ്പാറ മല

മൂന്നാർ പീഠഭൂമി - ആനമുടി കൊടുമുടി

പൊൻമുടി - അഗസ്‌തമല പർവതം - അഗസ്‌തമല കൊടുമുടി

പെരിയാർ പീഠഭൂമി - ബാണാസുരമല

GI Tag products and States <ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Wancho wooden craft - Arunachal Pradesh</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Mankurad mango - Goa </li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Tiranga Barfi - Uttar Pradesh </li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Matabari Pera &amp; Pachra - Tripura</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Chokkuva Rice - Assam</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Green revolution means rapid increase in agricultural production by the use of seeds of high yielding variety , chemical fertilizers and new technology </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Father of Green Revolution - Norman Borlaug</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Father of Green Revolution in India - M.S.Swaminathan</li></ul>

Green Revolution includes use of High Yield Variety of Seeds, improved Irrigation, Vertical Farming etc

Norman Borlaug is considered as the father of Green Revolution in the world

NABARD ( National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development )<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="text-align: start; margin: 0px 32px;">It came into existence in 1982 JULY 12 </li><li value="2" style="text-align: start; margin: 0px 32px;">Functions as supervisor of Regional Rural Banks</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Head Quarters - Mumbai </li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">NABARD was established on the recommendation of B.Shivaraman Committee </li></ul>Main functions <ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">An apex financing agency for rural development </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">To supervise gramin banks and co operative banks </li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">To act as a re - finance agency for rural infrastructure </li></ul>

Functions as supervisor of Regional Rural Banks

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The correct order of adjectives in English usually follows this sequence: quantity, quality, size, age, shape, color, proper adjective (often nationality or place of origin), and material.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Therefore, the correct order is "small" (size), "antique" (age), "Chinese" (origin), and "porcelain" (material).</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">ഒരു സാധ്യതയെ സൂചിപ്പിക്കാൻ "Might" ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു. ഈ വാക്യത്തിൽ, മഴ പെയ്യാൻ സാധ്യതയുണ്ടെന്ന് ഇത് സൂചിപ്പിക്കുന്നു.</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">be: Incorrect, doesn't fit the structure of a prediction.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">naught: Incorrect, doesn't make sense in this context.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">ought to: Incorrect, suggests a recommendation rather than a possibility</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">രണ്ട് കാര്യങ്ങൾ താരതമ്യം ചെയ്യുമ്പോൾ, comparative form ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു. "Busier" is the correct comparative form of "busy." However, "more busy" is also acceptable in casual speech</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">more busier: Incorrect, "more" and "busier" എന്നിവ ഒരുമിച്ച് അനാവശ്യമാണ്.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">most busier: Incorrect, തെറ്റായ comparative form.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">most busy: Incorrect, should use "busiest" for superlative form.</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Verb + ing = gerund form </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">"Swimming (swim + ing)" എന്നത് ഒരു ജെറണ്ടായതിനാൽ (verb ending in -ing = Verb + ing), "running (run + ing)" എന്നതും ഒരു ജെറണ്ടായിരിക്കണം.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">to run: Incorrect, doesn't match the gerund form.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">to ran: Incorrect, "ran" is past tense.</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">to running: Incorrect, ഒരു ജെറണ്ടിനൊപ്പം "to" എന്നത് അനാവശ്യമാണ്.</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">This is a conditional sentence referring to a past situation. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">"Would have done" is the correct form to express what someone would have done if they had known something in the past (pastൽ എന്തെങ്കിലും അറിഞ്ഞിരുന്നെങ്കിൽ എന്തുചെയ്യുമായിരുന്നുവെന്ന് പ്രകടിപ്പിക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള ശരിയായ രൂപമാണ് "Would have done" / ചെയ്യുമായിരുന്നു).</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Had I known, I would have done it differently / എനിക്കറിയാമായിരുന്നെങ്കിൽ, ഞാൻ ഇത് വ്യത്യസ്തമായി ചെയ്യുമായിരുന്നു.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">will do: Incorrect, future tense doesn't fit past condition.</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">had done: Incorrect, past perfect doesn't fit this context.</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">did: Incorrect, simple past doesn't fit conditional past.</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">"Suite" is a set of connected rooms in a hotel. / താമസസൗകര്യമുളള ഹോട്ടൽ മുറികളുടെ കൂട്ടം. </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Suite is more expensive and luxurious than regular hotel rooms.</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">She is so rich, she stayed in a suite of rooms in the hotel. / അവളുടെ സമ്പത്ത് കാരണം, അവൾ ഹോട്ടലിലെ ഒരു ആഡംബര മുറിയിൽ താമസിക്കാൻ തീരുമാനിച്ചു.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">floor: Incorrect, ഒരു കെട്ടിടത്തിൻ്റെ ഒരു നിലയെ സൂചിപ്പിക്കുന്നു.</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">flat: Incorrect, ഒരു അപ്പാർട്ട്മെൻ്റിനെ സൂചിപ്പിക്കുന്നു, typically not used for hotel rooms.</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">apartment: Incorrect, ഒരു റെസിഡൻഷ്യൽ യൂണിറ്റിനെയാണ് സൂചിപ്പിക്കുന്നത്, not specific to hotels.</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">"Misogamist" means someone who hates marriage / വിവാഹവിദ്വോഷം, വിവാഹത്തെ വെറുക്കുന്നവൻ</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Misanthropist: means someone who hates humanity / മനുഷ്യവിരോധി</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Misogynist: means someone who hates women / സ്ത്രീവിദ്വോഷി, സ്ത്രീകളെ വെറുക്കുന്നവൻ</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Misologist: means someone who hates reasoning or debate / യുക്തിവാദത്തിനോടുള്ള വൈരാഗ്യം</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">വാക്യത്തിൽ 'are' വരുന്നത് കൊണ്ട് plural form ഉപയോഗിക്കണം </li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;">"Sisters-in-law" is the correct plural form of "sister-in-law." "Sister-in-laws" is incorrect because the plural should be applied to the main noun, "sister."</li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">She is busy this weekend, her sisters-in-law are coming for a visit. / ഈ വാരാന്ത്യത്തിൽ അവൾ തിരക്കിലാണ് കാരണം അവളുടെ നാത്തൂന്മാർ വരുന്നുണ്ട്.</li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Sister-in-law: Incorrect, singular form.</li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Sister-in-laws: Incorrect, incorrect pluralization.</li><li value="6" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Cousin sister: Incorrect, non-standard term.</li></ul>

<ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">"Historic" refers to something important in history (ചരിത്രത്തിലെ പ്രധാനപ്പെട്ട).</li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px; list-style-type: none;"><ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style-position: outside; color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li value="1" style="margin: 0px 32px;">The Superstar’s visit was a Historic moment for the institution. / സൂപ്പർസ്റ്റാറിൻ്റെ സന്ദർശനം സ്ഥാപനത്തിന് ഒരു ചരിത്ര നിമിഷമായിരുന്നു.</li></ul></li><li value="2" style="margin: 0px 32px;"> "Historical" relates to anything connected with history (ചരിത്രവുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട എന്തിനോടും ബന്ധപ്പെട്ടിരിക്കുന്നു, അത് പ്രാധാന്യത്തെ സൂചിപ്പിക്കണമെന്നില്ല). </li><li value="3" style="margin: 0px 32px;">"Histrionic" means overly theatrical or dramatic (നാടകീയമായ). </li><li value="4" style="margin: 0px 32px;">"History" is a noun, not an adjective. </li><li value="5" style="margin: 0px 32px;">Thus, "historic" is the correct choice for describing a significant moment (സുപ്രധാന നിമിഷം വിവരിക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള..).</li></ul>

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