Question

Which of the following accurately describes the evolution of Kerala's knowledge society model?

1. It began as a quadruple helix model.
2. It evolved from a triple helix (enterprise, academia, government) to a quadruple helix (adding public/civil society via LSGs).
3. The quintuple helix model integrates environmental sustainability.
4. The model shifted from environmental focus to purely economic goals.

• A. 2 only
• B. 2, 3
• C. 1, 2
• D. 4 only

Answer 1

Answer:

B. 2, 3

• The development of Kerala's knowledge society model is often described in terms of its increasing complexity and scope.

• It starts with the foundational 'triple helix' which involves the core players of business, research institutions, and the government.

• As the model matures, it incorporates the broader public, often represented by Local Self Governments (LSGs), transforming it into a 'quadruple helix'.

• The ultimate stage, the 'quintuple helix', explicitly includes ecological considerations, recognizing the crucial link between societal development and environmental health.

• This evolutionary perspective highlights a growing awareness of interconnectedness and sustainability.