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Which of the following statements about flash floods are correct?

  1. Flash floods occur very rapidly, usually within six hours of the beginning of heavy rainfall.
  2. They are characterized by a sudden and extreme volume of water flowing slowly.
  3. Flash floods lead to rapid inundation.

    A1, 3

    B3

    C2, 3

    D1

    Answer:

    A. 1, 3

    Read Explanation:

    Flash floods are particularly dangerous due to their sudden onset and immense destructive power. Unlike general floods that may develop over hours or days, flash floods give little to no warning. They often occur in arid areas, mountainous regions, or urban settings where rapid runoff is prevalent. The swift flow of water in flash floods can carry away vehicles, structures, and even large debris, making them extremely hazardous. Warning systems and public awareness are crucial for minimizing casualties during such events.

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    1. Tsunamis are exclusively caused by underwater volcanic eruptions.
    2. Sudden displacements of large volumes of seawater are key to tsunami generation.
    3. Large-scale military testing underwater can trigger tsunamis, though rarely.
    4. Atmospheric pressure changes are a primary cause of tsunami formation.
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      Identify the incorrect statement(s) concerning the duration and immediate impacts of droughts.

      1. Droughts typically last only a few weeks, after which rainfall returns to normal.
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      3. Prolonged droughts can lead to devastating impacts on agriculture and water supplies.

        Consider the following statements regarding disaster information processing and coordination scope in disaster management. Which of the statements are correct?

        1. For coordination purposes, the majority of disaster information is typically processed at the state level.
        2. The specific intensity and scale of a disaster event determine the precise scope and depth of coordination required.
        3. Disaster coordination is always uniform, regardless of the nature of the disaster.
        4. Information processing for coordination is solely handled at the national level.