From an economic standpoint, why is reducing horizontal inequality important in conflict-prone societies?

1. Violent conflicts undermine development and increase poverty.
2. Reducing horizontal inequality has no economic implications in conflict-prone societies.
3. Economic stability is achieved by ignoring horizontal inequality.

What can group inequality generate?

1. Powerful grievances that can be used for political mobilization.
2. A decrease in political engagement.
3. Improved inter-group relations.

How is horizontal inequality linked to violent conflict?

1. The nature and level of horizontal inequality are important determinants of the risk of violent conflict.
2. Horizontal inequality has no significant impact on violent conflict.
3. Horizontal inequality reduces the likelihood of violent conflict.

What does horizontal inequality refer to?

1. Inequality among culturally defined or constructed groups.
2. Inequality primarily based on economic status.
3. Inequality that only affects individuals, not groups.

Which statement accurately reflects the consensus among economists regarding income disparity?

1. There is a broad consensus among economists regarding the implications of income disparity and whether it is ultimately positive or negative.
2. Economists generally agree on the positive effects of income disparity.
3. There is a lack of consensus among economists on the implications of income disparity and on whether it is ultimately positive or negative.

What is a common way income inequality is presented?

1. Income inequality is often shown as the percentage of income received by a specific percentage of the population.
2. Income inequality is exclusively represented by the Gini coefficient.
3. Income inequality is usually presented as the absolute income of the richest individual.

Which factors can contribute to income inequality?

1. Factors influencing income inequality can include gender, education level, and social status.
2. Income inequality is solely determined by national economic policies.
3. Regional differences do not play a role in the causes of income inequality.
4. The causes of income inequality are uniform across all regions and demographics.

What does income inequality measure?

1. Income inequality measures the extent to which income is evenly distributed across the entire population.
2. Income inequality quantifies how unevenly income is distributed among the population.
3. Income inequality is typically presented as a comparison of income distribution across different social classes only.

Identify the key components of social inequality.

1. Social inequality encompasses political inequality as one of its major dimensions.
2. Social inequality is exclusively defined by income disparities.
3. Inequality in opportunities, particularly in accessing education and health services, is a significant aspect of social inequality.
4. Social inequality is a single-dimensional concept primarily focused on social status.

Which of the following best describes economic inequality?

1. Economic inequality primarily refers to disparities in income, leading to differences in consumption, nutrition, and living standards.
2. Economic inequality solely focuses on the unequal distribution of political power within a society.
3. Economic inequality is only concerned with the unequal distribution of wealth, not income.

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the concept of inequality?

1. Inequality in opportunity ensures that everyone starts with the same amount of wealth.
2. Inequality in outcome relates to differences in material wealth.
3. Amartya Sen's capability approach links well-being to freedom of choice and action.

What is the role of the state in relation to social justice theory, as introduced by Prof. Amartya Sen?

1. The state must provide people's freedom to choose and act as a matter of right.
2. The state should ensure equal outcomes for all citizens.
3. The state's role is limited to regulating economic transactions.

According to Amartya Sen's capability approach, how is well-being defined under inequality of opportunity?

1. Well-being is defined in terms of people's freedom to choose and act.
2. Well-being is defined by the total wealth an individual possesses.
3. Well-being is determined by one's social status and gender.

Which concept is concerned with ensuring a common starting point for individuals?

1. Inequality in opportunity.
2. Inequality in outcome.
3. Horizontal inequality.

What does 'inequality in outcome' refer to?

1. It refers to a situation where individuals cannot possess an equal level of material wealth.
2. It means that everyone has the same opportunities in life.
3. It is concerned with ensuring a common starting point for all.

Which of the following best describes economic inequality?

1. Economic inequality refers to the disparity in economic well-being among individuals, groups, or countries.
2. It primarily focuses on the differences in social status, regardless of wealth or opportunity.
3. Economic inequality is solely determined by an individual's educational background.

What is a key principle regarding the pay for men and women under the NFFWP scheme?

Which of the following is NOT a focus area for activities under the NFFWP?

Which group of people does the NFFWP scheme primarily target?

What is the minimum share of wages paid to workers under the NFFWP scheme in cash?

Who is the Nodal Officer in the districts under the NFFWP scheme?

Who provides the entire amount of money and food grains to the states under NFFWP?

In which district and state was the NFFWP scheme inaugurated?

Who was the Prime Minister of India at the time of the NFFWP launch?

Which Five-Year Plan was active when the NFFWP was launched?

When was the National Food for Work Programme (NFFWP) launched?

Which of the following describes a tax system that aims to be simple and easy to enforce?

A tax credit is different from a tax deduction because a tax credit:

What is the term for a tax that is imposed on the spending of money rather than on the earning of it?

Which of the following is considered a source of direct tax revenue for a government?

A tax levied on a firm's profits is known as:

What is the primary goal of a progressive tax system?

A tax deduction reduces a taxpayer's:

What is a capital gains tax?

The Laffer Curve illustrates the relationship between:

A tax that is levied on the total value of goods and services produced in a country is a:

The concept of "tax incidence" refers to:

A tax on the value of a person's property, such as land and buildings, is a:

The marginal tax rate is the tax rate applied to:

What is the primary characteristic of a proportional tax?

Which of the following is an example of a sin tax?

A payroll tax is a tax on:

Deadweight loss in a tax system refers to:

Which principle of taxation states that taxes should be easy to understand and administer?

A tax that falls more heavily on lower-income individuals as a percentage of their income is a:

What is the term for the total tax paid divided by the total income?

An excise tax is a tax on:

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a flat tax system?

The concept of "fiscal drag" occurs when:

A tax system where everyone pays the same percentage of their income in taxes, regardless of how much they earn, is a: