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RPF Constable - Shift 2 Questions

RBI Monetary Policy: The RBI maintains its 4.5% inflation projection for 2024-2025, with a focus on balancing risks
RBI MPC Meeting Inflation Target: The Reserve Bank of India, maintaining an inflation forecast of 4.5%, kept its key lending rate steady at 6.5%. 
Despite food price increases and global tensions impacting crude prices, the decision focuses on price stability and growth. 
RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das highlighted recent monsoon developments and core inflation moderation as key influences.

Ziegler-Natta catalyst is used for polymerization reactions. 
It's primarily used in the synthesis of polymers from 1-alkenes, such as polyethylene and polypropylene. 
The catalyst typically consists of a transition metal compound (like titanium tetrachloride) and an organoaluminum compound (like triethylaluminum).
A Ziegler-Natta catalyst is used in the chemical synthesis of polythene. Polythenes are of two types: high density and low density. 
We use the Ziegler-Natta catalyst to synthesise high-density polythene.

The 'Uttarayani Fair' of Uttarakhand is related to the Indian festival of Makar Sankranti.
The Uttarayani Fair, also known as Uttarayani Mela, is an annual fair held in the Kumaon region of Uttarakhand, India. 
It marks the occasion of Makar Sankranti, typically taking place in the second week of January.

For a system subjected to a conservative force, the quantity that remains conserved is the total mechanical energy. 
Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy. 
Conservative forces, like gravity and spring forces, allow energy to be converted between kinetic and potential forms without loss. 
Therefore, in the absence of non-conservative forces like friction, the total mechanical energy remains constant.
Total mechanical energy (sum of kinetic and potential energy) remains conserved in a system subjected to a conservative force. 
In a conservative force field, the work done by the force only depends on the initial and final positions, not on the path taken

The National Waterways Act, 2016 has declared 111 inland waterways as 'National Waterways' (NWs) in the country to promote shipping and navigation on them.
To promote Inland Water Transport (IWT) in the country, 111 Waterways (including 5 existing and 106 new) spread over 24 states have been declared as National Waterways under the National Waterways Act, 2016. 
Out of 111 NWs, 25 NWs are inter-State NWs

Article 45, concerning child education, was modified by the Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002
For article 45 of the Constitution,the following article shall be substituted, namely:- . Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years.
The State shall endeavour to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years."
Note: Section 45 in Constitution of India, 1950
45. [ Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years. [Substituted by the Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002, Section 3, for Article 45 (yet to be enforced). Prior to its substitution, Article 45 read as under:-" 45. Provision for free and compulsory education for children.-The State shall endeavour to provide, within a period of ten years from the commencement of this Constitution, for free and compulsory education for all children until they complete the age of fourteen years." ]

The death anniversary of Sufi saints, known as Urs, is usually held at the respective saint's dargah (shrine or tomb)
Urs or Urus, is the death anniversary of a Sufi saint in South Asia, usually held at the saint's dargah (shrine or tomb) 
The concept of Urs exists and is celebrated with enthusiasm. 
The devotees refer to their saints as lovers of God, the beloved.

The strategy widely adopted in India's early economic planning to reduce foreign dependence and a significant feature of industrial policy was Import Substitution.
 This approach aimed to boost domestic production by replacing imports with locally made goods, protecting domestic industries from international competition.
The trade policy was closely linked to the country's industrial policy.
 During the first seven Five-Year Plans, India's trade was marked by an inward-looking trade strategy, known as import substitution. 
The strategy aimed to enhance domestic production and protect local products from international competition

At the time of India's independence in 1947, the economy was predominantly agrarian, underdeveloped, and characterized by low per capita income, widespread poverty, and a stagnant agricultural sector.
There were no attempts to measure India's per capita income throughout the decades of the British colonial administration. 
The Indian economy and planning demonstrated poor/low economic growth on the eve of Independence due to these crimes.

In 1917, the Women's Indian Association (WIA) was founded in Adyar, Madras, by Annie Besant, Margaret Cousins, and Sarojini Naidu to raise awareness among women, with Margaret Cousins being the Irish woman among them
In 1917, Sarojini Naidu founded the Women's Indian Association (WIA) with Annie Besant.
The WIA's primary goal was to grant women the right to vote.
She joined the global movement for women's suffrage and headed a women's voting rights delegation to London to advocate for equal rights for women.
All India Women's Conference was established in 1927 by Margaret Cousins..

Adequate means of livelihood
In article 39, there are various guidelines mentioned; among them, one is also the responsibility of the government to provide adequate means of livelihood to the citizens. 
Article 39a talks about the right of every citizen in the country to have adequate means of livelihood, irrespective of their gender.

Ownership of the community material resources not distributed

Protection of children and youth against exploitation

The Narmada River divides the Peninsular Plateau into two parts: the Central Highlands to the north and the Deccan Plateau to the south. 
The Narmada is a west-flowing river that runs through a rift valley between the Vindhya and Satpura ranges
. The river Narmada originates on the western flank of the Amarkantak plateau at a height of about 1,057m.
Unlike most of the peninsular rivers, Narmada and Tapi rivers flow to the west.
Also unlike most of the peninsular rivers, Narmada is a perennial river and meanders through the rich plain of Bharuch district of Gujarat.
The river Narmada and Tapi flow through the rift valley, caused due to upheaval of the Himalayas, between the Satpura in the south and the Vindhyan range in the north. Flowing in the rift valley it forms a picturesque gorge in marble rocks and Dhuandhar waterfall near Jabalpur.
The river covers a distance of approx. 1,312 km before it meets the Arabian Sea south of Bharuch, forming a broad 27km long estuary.Sardar Sarovar Dam is built on the river Narmada.
The river is known as the 'Lifeline of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat'

The SI unit used for measuring thermodynamic temperature is the Kelvin (K)
The temperature is usually measured with a thermometer which is marked in several temperature scales mainly Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.
The Sl unit of temperature as per the International System of Units is Kelvin which is represented by the symbol K.

The government program meant to reduce poverty in India is the National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM),Launched in 2011 and later renamed Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-NRLM (DAY-NRLM) in 2015, this program focuses on organizing the rural poor into self-help groups (SHGs) and enabling them for self-employment.
The National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) is a poverty alleviation project implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development, a branch of the Government of India. 
This plan is focused on promoting self-employment and the organization of rural poor. 
The idea behind this program is to organize the poor into Self Help Groups (SHGs) and make them capable of self-employment.

The cash reserve ratio (CRR) in India as of October 2024 is 4.5%
The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) has decided to cut the cash reserve ratio (CRR) by 50 basis points (bps) to 4% from 4.5% while leaving the repo rate unchanged at 6.5%. 
This comes at a time when India's retail inflation surged to 6.2% in October 2024, breaching the RBI's tolerance limit

Election Commission of India conducts the election of state legislatures
The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering election processes in India. 
The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, State Legislative Assemblies in India, and the offices of the President and Vice President in the country.

State Election Commission of the concerned State

The area that is not a focus of the agreements signed by India under the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF) for Prosperity in September 2024 is Military Cooperation.
India signed and exchanged the first-of-its-kind agreements focused on Clean Economy, Fair Economy, and the IPEF Overarching arrangement under Indo -Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF) for prosperity, on 21st September, 2024 at Delaware USA, in the presence of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi who is on 3-day visit to the US for the Quad Summit.

The National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) said it has crossed the milestone of 20 crore client accounts in October 2024
Among States, Maharashtra leads with the highest number of accounts at 3.6 crore, followed by Uttar Pradesh (2.2 crore), Gujarat (1.8 crore), Rajasthan and West Bengal at 1.2 crore each. 
Together, these States account for nearly 50% of total client accounts, while the top 10 States account for approximately three-fourths of the total. 
Additionally, the unique registered investor base now stands at 10.5 crore, having crossed the 10-crore (100 million) mark on August 8, 202

The 51st and present chief justice is Sanjiv Khanna. He was sworn in as Chief Justice on 11 November 2024.
President Droupadi Murmu administered the oath of the office of the Chief Justice of India (CJI) to Supreme Court judge Justice Sanjiv Khanna on Monday (November 11, 2024).
The swearing-in ceremony of the 51st Chief Justice of India at Rashtrapati Bhavan saw Vice-President Jagdeep Dhankhar, Prime Minister Narendra Modi, government Ministers, former Chief Justices of India, sitting and retired judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts in attendance

Poverty is defined as the inability to fulfill basic needs like food, clothing, and shelter
Poverty is the state of not having enough material possessions or income for a person's basic needs. Poverty may include social, economic, and political elements. 
Absolute poverty is the complete lack of the means necessary to meet basic personal needs, such as food, clothing, and shelter.

Inability to fulfill basic needs like food, clothing and shelter

The headquarters of the South Central Zone of the Indian Railways is located in Secunderabad.
Chennai is the headquarters of the Southern Railway
Hubli is the headquarters of the South Western Railway.
Visakhapatnam is the headquarters of the South Coastal Railway.
Jabalpur is the headquarters of the West Central Railway.

The M72/AS01E vaccine candidate, launched in 2024, is designed to prevent tuberculosis (TB) disease, specifically active pulmonary TB, in adults with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection.
M72/AS01E is an experimental tuberculosis vaccine. If approved, it would be the first vaccine for tuberculosis in more than a century after the BCG vaccine

The primary objective of India's Gaganyaan mission is to send astronauts into space and bring them back safely. 
The mission, which is expected to take place in 2024, involves sending a crew of three astronauts to a 400 km orbit for three days.
The Gaganyaan Mission is India's first human spaceflight program, developed by ISRO. 
The project aims to send three Indian astronauts, also known as Gaganyaan Mission Astronauts, into low Earth orbit (LEO). 
The mission intends to keep the crew in space for up to three days before safely bringing them back to Earth

To send astronauts into space and bring them back

At the 2024 Summer Olympics, Manu Bhaker became the first Indian athlete to win two medals in a single Olympics post-independence, securing bronze in both the women's 10m air pistol and the mixed team 10m air pistol events.
At the 2024 Olympics, she became the first Indian woman shooter to win a medal by clinching the bronze in the 10m pistol event. 
She won another bronze in 10m pistol mixed team, becoming the first Indian to win two medals in a single Olympic Games. 
Bhaker is also the youngest Indian to win gold medals at the World Cup.

In October 2024, LIC increased its stake in Bank of Maharashtra to 7.10% by acquiring 25.96 crore shares through a Qualified Institutional Placement (QIP), at an average price of ₹57.36 per share.
The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has significantly boosted its stake in Bank of Maharashtra from 4.05% to 7.10%, as disclosed in an exchange filing on October 5, 2024. 
This increase follows the allotment of 25.96 crore equity shares priced at ₹57.36 each through a Qualified Institutional Placement (QIP). 
This strategic move reflects LIC's confidence in the bank's growth potential and is aimed at strengthening its balance sheet to support expansion plans.

The SI unit of magnetization, which measures the magnetic moment per unit volume of a material, is amperes per meter (A/m)
1. Sl unit of magnetization is Am-1
2. Sl unit of permeability TmA-1 (Tesla meter/ ampere)
3. Sl unit of magnetic field Tesla (T).
4. Susceptibility is a dimensionless quantity. Hence it has no unit.

Iran introduced a new ballistic missile and an enhanced attack drone during a military parade amid escalating regional tensions. 
The Jihad missile has a range of 1,000 kilometres, while the Shahed-136B drone boasts an operational range exceeding 4,000 kilometres. 
The Jihad missile, a solid-fuel weapon designed and manufactured by the aerospace division of Iran's Revolutionary Guards, boasts an operational range of 1,000 kilometres (more than 600 miles), as reported by IRNA, the state news agency.
President Masoud Pezeshkian stressed Iran's growing defensive capabilities and called for solidarity among Islamic countries.

Vijayalaya belonged to the Chola family of Uraiyur. He defeated Muttaraiyar, the ruler of the Kaveri Delta. He built the town of Thanjavur and constructed a temple for the goddess Nishumbhasudini. 
His successors built the Chola empire
The temple for the goddess Nishumbhasudini (Durga) was built by Vijayalaya, the founder of the Chola Empire, in the town of Thanjavur.

In broad gauge railway tracks, the distance between the rails, measured between the inner faces of the load-bearing rails, is 1.676 meters (5 feet 6 inches).
 The gauge of a railway track: The apparent minimum vertical distance between the inner sides of two tracks is called a railway gauge.
 That is, the distance between two tracks on a railway route is called a railway gauge.

Swami Vivekananda delivered his famous speech at the Parliament of the World's Religions in Chicago on September 11, 1893, introducing Hinduism and Indian spirituality to the Western world and emphasizing universal brotherhood and tolerance.
In this speech, Vivekananda discussed Buddhism, covering its origins, the relationship between Buddhism and Brahmanism, and the connection between Buddhism and the Vedas. 
He concluded, "Hinduism cannot live without Buddhism, nor Buddhism without Hinduism," emphasizing how Buddhism is the fulfillment of Hinduism.

ENovate Biolife is known for botanical health solutions. Omni Active Health Technologies acquired ENovate Biolife in 2024. 
ENovate Biolife specializes in clinically studied botanical ingredients for various health areas, including sports nutrition, joint health, heart health, and men's health
OmniActive Health Technologies, a Mumbai-based nutraceutical company, has acquired ENovate Biolife, a developer of botanical ingredients. 
This acquisition, funded through internal accruals, marks OmniActive's second strategic expansion. OmniActive aims to double its revenue to ₹2,000 crores within the next 5 to 6 years

The 10th Schedule, which deals with the anti-defection law, was added to the Indian Constitution by the 52nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1985.
Anti-defection Law in India was enacted in 1985 through the 52nd Amendment Act of 1985 as part of the Tenth Schedule of the Constitution of India.
 Anti-defection laws aim to prevent or discourage defection by imposing penalties on politicians who switch parties or otherwise violate party discipline

Captain Hearsey of the Awadh Military Police had been given protection by his Indian subordinates during the mutiny of 1857
One incident provides clues as to how the mutinies came to be so organised. 
Captain Hearsey of the Awadh Military Police had been given protection by his Indian subordinates during the mutiny.

Vitamin C, found abundantly in citrus fruits, is also known as ascorbic acid
Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin, antioxidant, and essential co-factor for collagen biosynthesis, carnitine and catecholamine metabolism, and dietary iron absorption. 
Humans are unable to synthesize vitamin C, so it is strictly obtained through the dietary intake of fruits and vegetables. Citrus fruits, berries, tomatoes, potatoes, and green leafy vegetables are excellent sources of vitamin C. 
Although most vitamin C is completely absorbed in the small intestine, the percentage of absorbed vitamin C decreases as intraluminal concentrations increase

As per the India Meteorological Department, the average annual rainfall in India for 2021 was 119 cm
 This average is based on data collected from rain gauges across the country. 
India receives most of its rainfall during the monsoon season, which typically spans from June to September

The southern branch of the subtropical westerly jet stream plays a crucial role in the winter season in north and northwestern India, influencing the arrival of western cyclonic disturbances
The name 'Subtropical Westerly Jet stream' is located over 27-degree to 30-degree north latitude. 
In our country, the jet streams blow south of the Himalayas. 
This wind blows in India all through the year except in the summertime.

Middle Andaman (1536 Sq.Km)
Middle Andaman Island is an island of the Andaman Islands. 
It belongs to the North and Middle Andaman administrative district, part of the Indian union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

The 9th Schedule was added to the Indian Constitution by the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1951
The Ninth Schedule of the Indian Constitution contains a list of central and state laws which cannot be challenged in courts. 
It was added by the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1951. The 13 laws were added to the schedule through the first Amendment in 1951
It provided means to restrict freedom of speech and expression, validation of zamindari abolition laws, and clarified that the right to equality does not bar the enactment of laws which provide "special consideration" for weaker sections of society.

The Indian government scheme that provides lump sum ex-gratia assistance to outstanding sportspersons of yesteryears is the Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay National Welfare Fund For Sportspersons (PDUNWFS).
Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay National Welfare Program for Sportspersons. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay National Welfare Fund For Sportspersons (PDUNWFS) was set up in March, 1982 with a view to assisting outstanding Sportspersons of yesteryear, living in indigent circumstances who had brought glory to the Country in sports

Major Dhyan Chand National Scheme for Sportsperson

Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay National Welfare Fund for Sportspersons

Maulana Azad National Scheme for Outstanding Sportsperson

Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, who founded the non-violent "Red Shirts" movement, was also known as the "Frontier Gandhi" or "Bacha Khan
He founded the Khudai Khidmatgar (“Servants of God”) movement in 1929. 
The success of the movement earned him and his supporters a harsh crackdown from the British Raj, suffering some of the worst repression of the Indian Independence Struggle.

The international initiative aiming to mobilize 1,000 billion dollar in solar energy investments by 2030 is the International Solar Alliance (ISA)
The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is a global initiative launched in 2015 by India and France at the COP21 summit in Paris to promote solar energy as a sustainable solution for energy access and climate change.
 Headquartered in India, the ISA is the first international organization established in the country, reflecting India’s commitment to multilateralism and a carbon-neutral future. 
With 120 Member and Signatory Countries, the ISA plays a key role in advancing global solar cooperation, enhancing energy security, and supporting the transition to cleaner energy systems.

Amendments in Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020 get the nod to promote procurement of advanced technologies from Start-Ups & MSMEs
Procurement of advanced technology from Startups and MSMEs.
 The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) approved amendments in 2020 to promote the procurement of advanced technology from Startups and MSMEs. 
This initiative aims to foster innovation and indigenization in the defence sector

Procurement of advanced technology from Startups and MSMEs

The type of farming that is mainly labor-intensive and utilizes high doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation to obtain higher production is intensive subsistence farming.
In intensive subsistence farming, the farmer cultivates a small plot of land using simple tools and more labour. 
Intensive subsistence agriculture is prevalent in the thickly populated areas of the monsoon regions of the south, southeast, and east Asia.

Jyotiba Phule, along with his wife Savitribai Phule, opened the first school for girls in India, now known as the Bhide Wada, on January 1, 1848 in Pune
On January 1, 1848, Savitribai Phule, with assistance from her husband, Jyotiba Phule, established the first girls’ school in Tatya Saheb Bhide’s wada in Pune’s Budhwar Peth. 
The wada that housed the school is one of many traditional houses that continue to stand in Pune’s old quarters. These structures were built in the 18th century, when Pune was the capital of the Peshwas.

Article 164 of the Indian Constitution states that the Chief Minister shall be appointed by the Governor, and other Ministers shall be appointed by the Governor on the advice of the Chief Minister.
Article 164(1) in Constitution of India:
The Chief Minister shall be appointed by the Governor and the other Ministers shall be appointed by the Governor on the advice of the Chief Minister, and the Ministers shall hold office during the pleasure of the Governor:
Provided that in the State of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha, there shall be a Minister in charge of tribal welfare who may in addition be in charge of the welfare of the Scheduled Castes and backward classes or any other work

The Chief Minister is elected by the legislative assembly of the state.

The Chief Minister is appointed by the President of India.

The Chief Minister is chosen through a referendum in the state.

The Chief Minister shall be appointed by the Governor.

The capital of the Gupta Empire was Pataliputra, which is the same city that served as the capital of the earlier Mauryan Empire, including during the reign of Ashoka.
Capital of Gupta dynasty was Pataliputra.
The Gupta coinage was also remarkable. 
Samudragupta issued eight types of gold coins.
Chandragupta II and his successors had also issued gold, silver and copper coins of different varieties.
The court of Chandragupta II was adorned by the celebrated Navratnas.
Kalidasa remains foremost among them.

Generally, absolute poverty is considered the type of poverty resulting from insufficient income, as it's defined by a household's income being below a certain level necessary to meet basic needs like food, shelter, and healthcare.
Absolute poverty is characterized by the inability to meet essential human needs such as food, water, shelter, clothing, and healthcare due to insufficient income or consumption. 
This concept signifies the minimum level of resources required for survival.4

The slogan of Purna Swaraj was adopted as a goal on January 26, 1930. 
The Indian National Congress passed the Purna Swaraj resolution on December 19, 1929, at its Lahore session. 
A public declaration was then made on January 26, 1930, which the Congress urged Indians to celebrate as Independence Day
The Indian National Congress, on 19 December 1929, passed the historic ‘Purna Swaraj’ – (total independence) resolution – at its Lahore session. 
A public declaration was made on 26 January 1930 – a day which the Congress Party urged Indians to celebrate as ‘Independence Day’. 
The declaration was passed due to the breakdown of negotiations between leaders of the freedom movement and the British over the question of dominion status for India.

In his 1930 Allahabad Address, Sir Muhammad Iqbal, a poet and philosopher, outlined his vision for a separate Muslim state in Northwestern India, though he didn't explicitly name it "Pakistan".
Iqbal was elected president of the Muslim League in 1930 at its session in Allahabad, in the United Provinces as well as for the session in Lahore in 1932.
 In his presidential address on 30 December 1930, Iqbal outlined a vision of an independent state for Muslim-majority provinces in northwestern India.

Tantia Tope (also known as Tatya Tope) was the commander-in-chief of Nana Saheb's army during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
Ramchandra Panduranga was the real name of Tantia Tope, one of the notable leaders in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. 
During the revolt of 1857, Tantia Tope was among the closest military aides of Nana Saheb. He conducted Guerilla warfare against the British.

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