Aa flash of insight
Ba way of making decision
Ca mental set
Da guiding principle used in problem solving
Answer:
D. a guiding principle used in problem solving
Read Explanation:
In psychology, a heuristic is a mental shortcut or rule of thumb that people use to make decisions quickly. Heuristics are cognitive processes that can be conscious or unconscious. They can be used by humans, animals, organizations, and machines.
Heuristics can be helpful because they allow people to reach a conclusion or make a choice quickly. However, they can also lead to biased thinking. For example, the availability heuristic is a type of cognitive bias that involves relying on information that comes to mind quickly or is most available. This can lead to fast, but sometimes incorrect, assessments.
Some examples of heuristics include:
Anchoring and adjustment: A person begins with a specific target number or value and adjusts that number until an acceptable value is reached.
Working backward: A heuristic technique used in psychological literature.
Hill climbing: A heuristic technique used in psychological literature.
Means-end analysis: A heuristic technique used in psychological literature.
Analogical reasoning: A heuristic technique used in psychological literature.
The decision of whether to use a heuristic or an algorithm depends on the nature of the problem. A heuristic is probably more well-suited if the problem needs to be resolved quickly and with less mental effort.