Question

According to the Indian Constitution, who is the formal head of state?

• A. Prime Minister
• B. Vice President
• C. President
• D. Speaker of Lok Sabha

Answer 1

Answer:

C. President

Parliamentary Executive in India

• India adopted a parliamentary system based on experience from the Government of India Acts of 1919 and 1935, aiming for accountability and sensitivity to public expectations.
  

Structure

• President: Formal head of state, elected indirectly by an electoral college of MPs and MLAs for a five-year term. Can be removed only through impeachment for violating the Constitution.
  
  

• Prime Minister and Council of Ministers: Real executive power lies with the Prime Minister, who heads the Council of Ministers. They must have majority support in the Lok Sabha.
  
  

• Governor and Chief Minister: At the state level, a similar structure exists with the Governor (appointed by the President) as the nominal head and the Chief Minister as the real executive.