Question

Arrange the steps of plant micropropagation in proper order. (i) Surface sterilization of explant (ii) Callus initiation on auxin-rich medium (iii) Shoot differentiation from callus on cytokinin-rich medium (iv) Root induction on shoot using auxin (v) Hardening and acclimatization in greenhouse (vi) Selection of high-yielding or disease- disea resistant explants\

• A. (vi) (i) (ii) (iii)(iv)(v)
• B. (i) (vi) (ii) (iii)(iv)(v)
• C. (vi) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)(v)
• D. (i)(ii) (vi) (iii) (iv) (v)

Answer 1

Answer:

A. (vi) (i) (ii) (iii)(iv)(v)

• Selection (vi): Choosing a healthy, high-yielding, or disease-resistant mother plant to ensure the clones have the best possible traits. Surface Sterilization (i): Treating the explant (the small piece of plant tissue) with chemicals like sodium hypochlorite to kill any bacteria or fungi before it enters the sterile culture. Callus Initiation (ii): Placing the explant on a medium high in auxins. This triggers the cells to divide into a callus—an unorganized mass of undifferentiated cells. Shoot Differentiation (iii): Moving the tissue to a medium with a high cytokinin-to-auxin ratio. This hormonal shift signals the callus to start developing visible shoots. Root Induction (iv): Once shoots are established, they are treated with auxins again (at specific concentrations) to encourage the growth of a functional root system. Hardening and Acclimatization (v): The most delicate stage. The plantlets are moved from the controlled "lab life" to a greenhouse. This gradually toughens them up to handle natural humidity and temperature fluctuations before they hit the field.