Question

Assertion (A): The CAG of India is considered one of the bulwarks of the democratic system, alongside the Supreme Court, Election Commission, and Union Public Service Commission.

Reason (R): The CAG upholds the Constitution of India and laws of Parliament by ensuring financial accountability at both the Centre and state levels.

Select the correct answer code:

• A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
• B. (A) is true but (R) is false
• C. (A) is false but (R) is true
• D. None of the above

Answer 1

Answer:

A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Constitutional Bodies and Financial Accountability

• Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India: Recognized as a cornerstone of India's democratic framework.

• Key Constitutional Bodies: Alongside the Supreme Court, Election Commission, and UPSC, the CAG is vital for democratic governance.

• CAG's Role: Upholds the Constitution and laws passed by Parliament.

• Core Function: Ensures financial accountability and transparency across both central and state governments.

• Article 148 of the Constitution: Provides for the establishment of the CAG's office.

• CAG's Powers and Duties: Defined by the CAG's (Duties, Powers and Conditions of Service) Act, 1971.

• Reporting: The CAG submits audit reports to the President, who then lays them before Parliament. State audit reports are submitted to the Governor, who lays them before the state legislature.

• Impact: The CAG's audits help in identifying financial irregularities, waste, and corruption, thereby strengthening public finance management and promoting good governance. This role is crucial for maintaining public trust in governmental institutions.

• Independence: The CAG is an independent constitutional authority, ensuring impartiality in audits. The appointment and removal process safeguards this independence.

• Significance in Competitive Exams: Understanding the roles and significance of these constitutional bodies is frequently tested in exams like UPSC Civil Services, State PSCs, SSC, and other competitive examinations. Special attention is given to their constitutional basis, functions, and impact on governance.