Question

Choose the correct statement(s) about the Anandpur Sahib Resolution (1973):

1. It sought to limit the Centre’s powers to defence, foreign affairs, communications, and currency.

2. It demanded equal representation of all states in the Rajya Sabha.

3. It insisted that the Constitution be made truly federal.

• A. 1 and 2 only
• B. 1 and 3 only
• C. 2 and 3 only
• D. All of the above

Answer 1

Answer:

B. 1 and 3 only

Anandpur Sahib Resolution (1973)

• The Anandpur Sahib Resolution was a pivotal document adopted by the Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) in 1973 at Anandpur Sahib, Punjab.
• It primarily sought to redefine the Centre-state relations in India, advocating for a significant increase in the autonomy of states.
• One of the most prominent demands of the resolution was to limit the powers of the Central Government to only a few essential subjects. These were specifically identified as:
  • Defence
  • Foreign Affairs
  • Communications
  • Currency
• The resolution insisted that all other subjects, including residuary powers, should be vested with the states, aiming to transform the Indian Constitution into a truly federal structure where states enjoy greater legislative, administrative, and financial autonomy.
• It emphasized that the existing constitutional framework had a strong unitary bias and needed to be reformed to reflect a genuine federal system, thereby strengthening the states.
• Regarding representation in the Rajya Sabha, the Anandpur Sahib Resolution did not demand equal representation of all states. The primary focus of the resolution was on the devolution of powers and resources to states, rather than altering the fundamental principle of proportional representation in the upper house, which is based on population in the Indian context.
• The resolution also included demands for economic development, religious freedom, and the protection of the Sikh identity.
• It was later ratified and further elaborated in 1978, becoming a significant political manifesto that influenced the course of Punjab politics for several decades.
• While initially a demand for greater federalism, the resolution was later interpreted differently by various groups, with some radical elements using it to push for a separate state of Khalistan, leading to a period of turmoil in Punjab.