Question

Concept of reinforcement is an important element of

1. classical conditioning
2. operant conditioning
3. Howard Gardner multiple intelligence
4. Trial and error theory of learning

• A. All
• B. i, ii
• C. None of these
• D. ii only

Answer 1

Answer:

D. ii only

• Concept of reinforcement is an important element of operant conditioning.

• B. F. Skinner, an American psychologist, propounded the "Theory of Operant Conditioning" which is also known as "Theory of Reinforcement" and "Instrumental Conditioning Theory".

• This theory refers to the learning process where learning takes place through rewarding a certain behaviour or withholding reward for undesirable behaviour.

• Skinner emphasizes that a person or animal tends to ‘repeat’ behaviour which has been ‘rewarded’ (positively reinforced), or tends to ‘stop’ which has been ‘punished’ (negatively reinforced).