Consider the Iron and Steel plants established during the Second Five-Year Plan:
- Bhilai was established with help from the Soviet Union.
- Durgapur was established with help from West Germany.
- Rourkela was established with help from the UK.
Aiii only
BAll
Ci only
Dii, iii
Answer:
C. i only
Read Explanation:
Second Five-Year Plan and Industrial Development
The Second Five-Year Plan (1956-1961) in India focused heavily on the development of heavy industries, particularly in the steel sector. This period saw the establishment of several major public sector steel plants.
Key Steel Plants Established and Their International Collaborations:
- Bhilai Steel Plant: Located in Chhattisgarh, it was established with significant technical and financial assistance from the Soviet Union (USSR). Construction began in 1955, and it commenced production in 1959. It plays a crucial role in supplying rails and heavy structural steel for India's infrastructure projects.
- Durgapur Steel Plant: Situated in West Bengal, this plant was established with collaboration from the United Kingdom (UK). It was commissioned in 1962. It primarily produces flat products like plates and sheets.
- Rourkela Steel Plant: Located in Odisha, this was the first public sector steel plant in India to use an imported technique for steel making. It was established with technical and financial assistance from West Germany. It commenced production in 1959 and is known for producing flat steel products.
Significance for Competitive Exams:
- Understanding Collaborations: Memorizing the countries that assisted in setting up these major industrial plants is a common area of questioning in competitive exams.
- Location of Plants: Knowing the states where these plants are located (Chhattisgarh for Bhilai, West Bengal for Durgapur, Odisha for Rourkela) is also important.
- Year of Establishment/Commissioning: While not always directly asked, understanding the timeline of industrial development during different Five-Year Plans provides context.