APolitics and religion
BIndustry and charity
CTrade and welfare
DCommerce and education
Answer:
D. Commerce and education
Read Explanation:
Dr. William King (1786–1865)
Born on 17 th April 1786
Birth Place : Ipswich ,UK
Nationality: British
Profession: British Physician, social reformer, and co-operative pioneer.
Christian socialist
Known As: The intellectual father of the co-operative movement in England
Role: Early co-operative leader, reformer, and ardent follower of Robert Owen.
He advocated smaller and compact type of colonies.
According to William King, Only men of knowledge was the basic things for the success for the co-operatives.
William King give importance to family.
According to William King Family is considered to be the nucleus for cooperative life.
Philosophy & Contribution:
Believed education and morality were essential to successful co-operation.
Strong advocate of self-help, mutual aid, and democratic management.
Emphasized that co-operatives should be owned and managed by the members themselves.
His motto: “Knowledge and union are power. "power, directed by knowledge is Happiness is end of creation.
Founded "The Co-operator" (1828): A journal aimed at spreading co-operative ideas and educating workers.
Promoted consumer co-operative stores run by and for workers.
His writings influenced the Rochdale Pioneers, who developed the foundational principles of the modern cooperative movement.
He founded cooperative store in Brighton.
Dr William King Hospital started in 1821 in Brighton.
Acquiring knowledge is one of the first principle of cooperation by Dr William King.
Pioneer in cooperative trading organization.
Cooperative trading organization meant for doing retail consumer business.
Cooperative Trading Organization “Britain Cooperative Benevolent Fund Association started by William King in 1827.
What He Believed?
Poverty, disease, and crime were caused by bad economic and social systems
The solution for workers was co-operation
Co-operation should be based on Christian values
Wanted to change society to help people live better and happier lives
Initiatives
1828: Founded the Co-operative Journal called The Co-operator in Brighton.
Used it to spread co-operative ideas and educate working-class people
The journal ran until 1830, becoming highly influential
Legacy
Inspired the Rochdale Pioneers (1844), who later formalized the co-operative principles
Promoted retail co-operative stores as a means to empower the poor through collective buying
Advocated that co-operatives should combine both commerce and education
Key Beliefs
Co-operation must go hand in hand with education
Societies must focus on self-responsibility and democratic control
Co-operatives are a moral and social movement, not just economic