The sentence "He asked me when we would join him" is reported speech.
In reported speech, we are conveying someone else's words indirectly. Here’s a breakdown of the structure:
Direct Speech: He said, "When will we join you?"
Reported Speech: He asked me when we would join him.
In the transformation:
The question is no longer in quotation marks.
The word "will" changes to "would" because the reporting verb ("asked") is in the past tense, and "would" is the past form of "will."
The pronouns are also adjusted (from "you" to "him" to match the context).