ADialectic method
BDemonstration method
CProject method
DProgrammed instruction
Answer:
D. Programmed instruction
Read Explanation:
Programmed Instruction:
Definition: Programmed instruction is a self-instructional method where learning material is presented in a series of small, sequential steps.
Key Principles: Developed by B.F. Skinner, it is based on principles of operant conditioning and behaviorism. It emphasizes small steps, active responding, immediate reinforcement, and self-pacing.
Format: Typically found in textbooks (teaching machines) or computer-based modules. Each step requires the learner to answer a question or perform an action.
Reinforcement: Correct answers are immediately reinforced, while incorrect answers lead to remedial steps or a review of previous material.
Application: Effective for teaching factual information, skills, and procedures that can be broken down into logical sequences.
Other Instructional Strategies (General Context):
Instructional strategies generally encompass a broader range of methods used to facilitate learning. These can include direct instruction, inquiry-based learning, cooperative learning, project-based learning, and discussion-based methods.
These methods often involve more complex interactions, problem-solving, critical thinking, and collaborative activities, which may not be the primary focus of strictly programmed instruction.