Question

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 1.

Scholars have long noted that International Monetary Fund (IMF) restructuring programmes (1)____________________ winners and losers, but always in (2)________________ to different sectors of the economy. For example, the fact that programmes (3)________________ to strengthen exports has been shown to favour farmers and business owners over urban middle class state employees like civil servants.The problem with purely (4)___________________ sectors is highlighted when you look at citizens’ experiences. One (5)_____________________ of the survey data, covering nine countries in Africa, showed that three out of ten civil servants actually thought IMF reforms made their lives better.

• A. calibrate
• B. calculate
• C. celibate
• D. create

Answer 1

Answer:

D. create

Contextual Logic: The sentence explains that IMF restructuring programmes result in two groups: "winners and losers." In this context, the programs produce or bring into existence these outcomes. Therefore, "create" is the most logical verb. Word Meanings: Create (Correct): To bring something into existence or cause something to happen. In this case, the policies create winners and losers. Calibrate (Incorrect): To adjust or mark a gauge or instrument; to precisely measure. This doesn't fit the social impact described. Calculate (Incorrect): To determine mathematically. While programs involve math, we don't say a program "calculates winners"; it results in them. Celibate (Incorrect): This refers to abstaining from marriage or sexual relations. It is completely irrelevant to economics. Sentence Flow: "IMF restructuring programmes create winners and losers..."