Question

Laterite soils develop mainly under conditions of:

• A. Low temperature and low rainfall
• B. High temperature and heavy rainfall with intense leaching
• C. Arid climate and strong evaporation
• D. Permafrost conditions

Answer 1

Answer:

B. High temperature and heavy rainfall with intense leaching

Formation Conditions of Laterite Soils

• Tropical Climate: Laterite soils primarily form in areas characterized by high temperatures and heavy rainfall, which are typical of the tropical monsoon climate.

• Intense Leaching: The fundamental process involved is intense leaching. Due to heavy, seasonal rainfall, silica and other soluble minerals are washed away, leaving behind a soil rich in iron and aluminium oxides.

• Alternating Wet and Dry Periods: These soils develop significantly in regions experiencing alternating wet and dry seasons. The dry spell is essential for the oxidation and hardening of the soil, while the wet spell drives the chemical weathering process.