Question

Match the prominent psychologists with their contributions to the understanding of motivation.

Abraham Maslow	Focused on observable aspects of motivation, stating it involves arousing, persisting, sustaining, and directing desirable behavior.
B.F. Skinner	Emphasized self-efficacy as a central driver of motivation within his social cognitive theory.
Albert Bandura	Proposed that individuals are motivated to fulfill a hierarchy of needs, ranging from survival to self-actualization.
J.P. Guilford	Defined motivation as 'any particular internal factor of condition that tends to initiate and sustain activity'.

• A. A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
• B. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
• C. A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2
• D. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3

Answer 1

Answer:

B. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4

MOTIVATION

• The word "Motivation" is derived from the Latin word "movere".

• The term also draws from Latin root "motum"

• Movere means "to move". 

• The concept of motivation is also linked to the word "motive," meaning the reason behind our actions

MOTIVATION - Definition

B.F. Skinner

• A prominent figure in behaviorism, Skinner focused on the observable aspects of motivation, stating that "Motivation in school learning involves arousing, persisting, sustaining and directing desirable behavior".

Abraham Maslow

• A key figure in humanistic psychology, Maslow's hierarchy of needs is one of the most widely recognized theories of motivation.

• He proposed that individuals are motivated to fulfill a hierarchy of needs, ranging from survival to self-actualization.

Albert Bandura

• Known for his social cognitive theory, Bandura emphasized the concept of self-efficacy as a central driver of motivation. 

• Self-efficacy is the belief in one's ability to succeed, and Bandura noted that "People not only gain understanding through reflection, they evaluate and alter their own thinking".

J.P. Guilford: Defined 

• Motivation is a "any particular internal factor of condition that tends to initiate and sustain activity"

According to Good, 

• "Motivation is the process of arousing, sustaining and regulating activity."