Question

Regarding the sources and influences on the Indian Constitution, which of the following statements are accurate?

1. The structural elements of the Indian Constitution are heavily influenced by the Government of India Act of 1935.
2. The philosophical sections of the Indian Constitution, such as Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy, are based on foreign models.
3. The political aspects of the Indian Constitution, including Cabinet Government and Executive-Legislature relationships, were influenced by the British Constitution.

• A. ii only
• B. i only
• C. iii only
• D. All of these

Answer 1

Answer:

D. All of these

• The features of the Indian Constitution was drawn from various sources, including foreign constitutions and the Government of India Act of 1935. 
• Once Dr. B.R. Ambedkar proudly quoted that the Indian Constitution was drafted after "ransacking all known Constitutions of the World."

Government of India Act 1935

• The Constitution of India was heavily influenced by the Government of India Act of 1935.
• The Government of India Act 1935 was the longest act passed by the British government with 321 sections and 10 schedules. 
• It is often known as the 'Blueprint of the Indian Constitution' 

 The constitution has borrowed the following features from Government of India act 1935:

• Federal structure of constitution
• Office of Governor
• Provisions of judiciary
• Public service commission
• Emergency provisions
• Details of administration

Fundamental Rights:

• The Fundamental Rights in India enshrined in part III of the constitution of India
• Fundamental Rights are guaranteed civil liberties such that all Indians can lead their lives in peace and harmony as citizens of India
• Fundamental Rights are often referred as the "Magna Carta of the Indian Constitution."
• The development of Fundamental Rights in India drew inspiration from the United States Bill of Rights.
• India's constitution framers admired the protection of individual liberties and rights in the U.S. Constitution and incorporated similar provisions into the Indian Constitution.

The six fundamental rights are:

1. 1. 1. Right to equality (Article 14–18)
      2. Right to freedom (Article 19–22)
      3. Right against exploitation (Article 23–24)
      4. Right to freedom of religion (Article 25–28)
      5. Cultural and educational rights (Article 29–30)
      6. Right to constitutional remedies (Article 32-35

Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)

• Articles 36-51 under Part-IV of the Indian Constitution deal with Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP).
• They are borrowed from the Constitution of Ireland,
• These principles aim at ensuring socioeconomic justice to the people and establishing India as a Welfare State.

The political aspects of the Indian Constitution

• The political aspects of the Indian Constitution, particularly the notion of Cabinet Government and the relationships between the Executive and the Legislature, were significantly influenced by the British Constitution.