Question

Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements. Statements: All bulbs are grapes. All grapes are lights. Conclusions: (I) : Some lights are grapes. (II) : All bulbs are lights.

• A. Neither conclusion (I) nor (II) follows
• B. Only conclusion (I) follows
• C. Both conclusions (I) and (II) follow
• D. Only conclusion (II) follows

Answer 1

Answer:

C. Both conclusions (I) and (II) follow

Both conclusions (I) and (II) logically follow from the statements.

• Statement 1: "All bulbs are grapes." (This means the circle for "bulbs" sits completely inside the circle for "grapes".)

• Statement 2: "All grapes are lights." (This means the circle for "grapes" sits completely inside the larger circle for "lights".)

Evaluating the Conclusions:

• Conclusion (I): Some lights are grapes.

  • Follows. Since all grapes are inside the lights circle, the section of the lights circle occupied by grapes means that at least some lights are definitely grapes.

• Conclusion (II): All bulbs are lights.

  • Follows. Because the "bulbs" circle is entirely inside the "grapes" circle, and the "grapes" circle is entirely inside the "lights" circle, the "bulbs" circle is naturally entirely inside the "lights" circle.