Question

Reciprocal teaching and co-operative learning are based on the educational ideas of:

• A. B.F.. Skinner
• B. Jean Piaget
• C. Lev Vygotsky
• D. Ausubel

Answer 1

Answer:

B. Jean Piaget

Jean Piaget (1896-1980) was a Swiss psychologist and epistemologist who pioneered the study of children's cognitive development: 

• Theory of cognitive development

  Piaget's theory of cognitive development, also known as "genetic epistemology", is based on the idea that humans are active meaning-makers who construct knowledge. He believed that children's understanding of the world progresses through four stages: sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, and formal operational. 

• Implications for clinicians

  Piaget's theories can help clinicians guide expectations when evaluating patients of different ages. For example, a clinician would not be concerned if a 6-year-old can't grasp abstract concepts, but would be concerned if an adolescent can't understand others' viewpoints. 

• Role of social interaction

  Piaget believed that social interaction plays a crucial role in moral development. He argued that children's exposure to diverse perspectives and experiences helps them develop moral reasoning. 

• Legacy

  Piaget's work had a major impact on the areas of cognitive theory and developmental psychology. He received many honorary degrees and accolades, including the Erasmus and Balzan prizes.