ATrade Unions
BVillage Communities
CTotalitarian Societies
DIndustrial Guilds
Answer:
B. Village Communities
Read Explanation:
ROBERT OWEN
Labor Colonies / Co-operative Colonies
Introduced the idea of “Associationism” – communities based on cooperation and mutual benefit.
Called these "Village Communities"
Famous example: New Harmony (USA, 1826)
Though New Harmony failed, it inspired the future cooperative movement
New Harmony
New Harmony – The First Co-operative Colony (1826)
Location: Indiana, USA
Founder: Robert Owen
In 1826, Robert Owen established a co-operative village called New Harmony in the United States.
It was based on his belief in self-help through mutual help
Objectives of New Harmony
To create a self-sufficient community where members produced and shared resources collectively.
To eliminate middlemen and unnecessary profits.
To abolish private profit, which Owen believed was the root of all social problems.
To provide goods on credit at lower prices than the market.
To build a new moral world based on equality, cooperation, and education.
Impact
Though the colony eventually failed, it was a bold social experiment.
It inspired future co-operative movements across the world.
“These co-operative colonies sowed the seeds of cooperation, which later on sprouted and became a great movement.”