Question

Select the person who proposed hierarchy of needs.

• A. Gagne
• B. Maslow
• C. Seligman
• D. Freeman

Answer 1

Answer:

B. Maslow

Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

• Abraham Maslow, an American psychologist considered the pioneer of Humanistic Psychology, introduced the Hierarchy of Needs theory in his 1943 paper titled 'A Theory of Human Motivation'.

• The theory posits that human behavior is driven by an innate hierarchy of five fundamental needs, typically represented as a pyramid from basic survival needs to higher-level psychological growth.

Five Levels of the Hierarchy (From Lowest to Highest):

1. Physiological Needs: Fundamental biological requirements for human survival, including food, water, air, sleep, clothing, and shelter.

2. Safety and Security Needs: Protection from elements, emotional security, financial stability, health, and freedom from fear.

3. Love and Belongingness Needs: Social relationships, including friendship, intimacy, trust, affection, and acceptance within social groups.

4. Esteem Needs: Classified into two categories: self-esteem (dignity, mastery, independence) and the desire for reputation or respect from others (status, recognition, prestige).

5. Self-Actualization Needs: The highest level, referring to the realization of an individual's potential, self-fulfillment, personal growth, and peak experiences.