Question

Match the following Environmental Laws in India with their respective years of enactment.

The Environment (Protection) Act	1995
The Wildlife (Protection) Act	1986
The Forest (Conservation) Act	1972
The National Environmental Tribunal Act	1980

• A. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
• B. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
• C. A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
• D. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4

Answer 1

Answer:

C. A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1

• a) The Environment (Protection) Act $\rightarrow$ 4. 1986

  • Explanation: This Act was enacted in the year 1986 in the wake of the tragic Bhopal Gas Tragedy (1984). It was passed under Article 253 of the Indian Constitution to implement the decisions taken at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in 1972. It serves as an umbrella legislation designed to provide a framework for central government coordination of the activities of various central and state authorities.

• b) The Wildlife (Protection) Act $\rightarrow$ 3. 1972

  • Explanation: Enacted in 1972, this landmark legislation provides a powerful legal framework for the protection of various species of wild animals and plants, the management of their habitats, and the regulation and control of trade in wildlife and its products. It established schedules of protected plants and animals, making hunting or harvesting them largely illegal.

• c) The Forest (Conservation) Act $\rightarrow$ 1. 1980

  • Explanation: Enacted in 1980, this Act was passed to check the rapid deforestation taking place across India. It strictly regulates the diversion of forest lands for non-forest purposes (such as mining, industrialization, or agriculture) and requires prior approval from the Central Government before any such diversion can take place.

• d) The National Environmental Tribunal Act $\rightarrow$ 2. 1995

  • Explanation: This Act was passed in 1995 to provide strict liability for damages arising out of any accident occurring while handling any hazardous substance. It led to the establishment of a National Environmental Tribunal for effective and expeditious disposal of cases arising from such accidents, with a view to giving relief and compensation for damages to persons, property, and the environment.