ARosie
BDolly
CTracy
DPolly
Answer:
A. Rosie
Read Explanation:
Name: The transgenic cow is named Rosie.
Purpose: Rosie was genetically engineered to produce milk containing human alpha-lactalbumin, a protein that is more nutritionally balanced and beneficial for human infants, particularly those who cannot be breastfed or who are allergic to standard cow milk.
Technology: This achievement utilized transgenic technology, where a foreign gene (the human gene for alpha-lactalbumin) is inserted into the genome of the cow.
Biological Impact: The resulting milk, often called 'humanized milk,' is designed to be safer and more digestible for human babies compared to regular bovine milk, which contains different types and concentrations of proteins that can occasionally trigger allergic reactions.
Unlike standard genetically modified organisms created for agricultural output (like higher yield), this application focuses on molecular farming, where animals serve as bioreactors to produce pharmaceutical or nutritionally significant proteins.
Rosie was produced by researchers in India (specifically at the National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal) and was announced in 2009.
Scientific Significance: This development represents a milestone in biotechnology, demonstrating the potential to improve the nutritional quality of animal-derived food products through genetic modification.