Question

The Idea of a University" is an essay by:

• A. Cardinal Newman
• B. Matthew Arnold
• C. Thomas Carlyle
• D. Bertrand Russell

Answer 1

Answer:

A. Cardinal Newman

John Henry Cardinal Newman and "The Idea of a University"

• John Henry Cardinal Newman (1801-1890) was a prominent 19th-century English theologian, cardinal, and philosopher.
• His seminal work, "The Idea of a University", was originally published in 1852.
• This collection of lectures was delivered by Newman in Dublin, Ireland, during his time as the Rector of the Catholic University of Ireland (now University College Dublin).
• The essay is a foundational text in the philosophy of education and explores the purpose and nature of a university.
• Newman argues for the importance of a liberal education, which he defines as the cultivation of the intellect for its own sake, rather than for vocational training.
• He emphasizes the development of a well-rounded individual with broad knowledge and critical thinking skills.
• "The Idea of a University" contrasts the ideal university with institutions focused solely on producing skilled workers.
• Newman's work has had a lasting influence on educational thought worldwide and is frequently cited in discussions about higher education.

Key Concepts Discussed by Newman:

• Liberal Arts vs. Specialization: Newman advocates for a broad curriculum that exposes students to a wide range of subjects.
• Intellectual Excellence: The primary goal of a university is the pursuit of knowledge and the development of intellectual virtues.
• University as a Teacher of all Subjects: Newman believed a university should offer instruction in all branches of knowledge.
• The Role of Religion: As a Catholic theologian, Newman integrated his religious beliefs into his vision of the university, though the work is also appreciated for its secular arguments on education.

Relevance for Competitive Exams:

• This essay is a significant text in English Literature and intellectual history.
• Questions may arise about Newman's definition of a university, his views on liberal education, and the historical context of the essay's publication.