Question

The officer known as Diwan belonged to which of the following departments of the Mughal empire during Akbar’s reign?

• A. Military
• B. Foreign affairs
• C. Judicial
• D. Finance

Answer 1

Answer:

D. Finance

The Role of the Diwan in the Mughal Empire

Understanding the Diwan's Department

• The Diwan, also known as the Diwan-i-Ala or Wazir, was the chief financial minister in the Mughal empire.

• This position was of paramount importance, overseeing the entire revenue and expenditure of the empire.

• The Diwan's department was responsible for the collection of land revenue, customs, and other taxes.

• He also managed the imperial treasury and disbursed salaries to officials and soldiers.

Diwan's Functions under Akbar

• During the reign of Emperor Akbar (1556-1605), the Diwan's role was further formalized and expanded.

• Akbar reorganized the administrative structure, and the Diwan became a key figure in the imperial council.

• Key responsibilities included:

  1. Revenue Assessment and Collection: Overseeing the system of land revenue assessment (like the Dahsala system) and ensuring its efficient collection.

  2. Budgetary Control: Managing the empire's finances, including allocation of funds for various departments, military campaigns, and public works.

  3. Financial Auditing: Keeping records of all financial transactions and ensuring accountability.

  4. Advisory Role: Advising the Emperor on matters related to finance and economy.

• The Diwan worked closely with other ministers, such as the Mir Bakshi (military paymaster) and the Qazi-ul-Quzzat (chief judge), to ensure the smooth functioning of the government.