Question

The rock-cut temples at Mahabalipuram were primarily patronized by which dynasty?

• A. Cholas
• B. Pallavas
• C. Pandyas
• D. Satavahanas

Answer 1

Answer:

B. Pallavas

Historical Patronage

• The rock-cut temples of Mahabalipuram, also known as Mamallapuram, were constructed under the patronage of the Pallava Dynasty, which ruled parts of South India between the 4th and 9th centuries CE.

• The site serves as a significant example of early Dravidian architecture, transitioning from rock-cut caves to structural stone temples.

Key Architectural Contributions

• Mahendravarman I: Initiated the rock-cut temple tradition in the Pallava kingdom.

• Narasimhavarman I (Mamalla): Expanded the site significantly; the monolithic Rathas (chariot-shaped temples) and the famous 'Descent of the Ganges' (Arjuna's Penance) relief are attributed to his reign.

• Rajasimha (Narasimhavarman II): Shifted the architectural focus toward structural stone temples, most notably the Shore Temple, which overlooks the Bay of Bengal