Question

The Satem and Centum classification of Indo-European languages is based on:

• A. Vocabulary differences
• B. Word order changes
• C. Shift in velar consonants 'k' and 'g'
• D. Influence of non-Indo-European languages

Answer 1

Answer:

C. Shift in velar consonants 'k' and 'g'

The classification into Satem (Eastern group) and Centum (Western group) languages is based on the phonetic change of velar consonants /k/ and /g/. In Satem languages, these sounds became alveolar fricatives (/sh/ or /s/), while in Centum languages, they were retained as velar plosives.