ASocietal norms, attitudes, and practices.
BTechnological infrastructure.
CInternational trade policies.
DAgricultural practices.
Answer:
A. Societal norms, attitudes, and practices.
Read Explanation:
Social empowerment fundamentally aims to transform ingrained societal structures and beliefs.
Societal Norms: This refers to the unwritten rules and expectations that guide behavior within a society. Social empowerment seeks to challenge and change norms that perpetuate inequality, discrimination, or marginalization. For instance, challenging traditional gender roles that limit opportunities for women.
Attitudes: This involves changing people's perspectives, beliefs, and feelings towards certain groups or issues. It focuses on fostering empathy, respect, and inclusivity, moving away from prejudice and stereotypes. An example would be shifting attitudes towards persons with disabilities from pity to recognizing their rights and capabilities.
Practices: This pertains to the actual actions and behaviors that are common within a society. Social empowerment encourages the adoption of practices that promote fairness, justice, and equal opportunity. This could include implementing inclusive policies in workplaces or promoting equitable access to education and healthcare.
Relevance to Kerala Model Development: The Kerala Model of development places significant emphasis on social empowerment as a driver of overall progress. It highlights how investments in education, healthcare, and land reforms have led to high social indicators, which in turn foster greater participation and empowerment of the populace in socio-economic and political spheres. This approach underscores the interconnectedness of social transformation and economic development.