What is meant by the principle of Equifinality (E) in Systems Theory?
AA single path leads to failure
BMultiple paths can achieve the same goal
CSystems cannot change outcomes
DOutputs are predetermined
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Related Questions:
Consider the following statements about Luther Gulick’s contribution to public administration:
He introduced the POSDCORB framework to define the scope of public administration.
His framework includes Budgeting, which encompasses fiscal planning, accounting, and control.
He argued that POSDCORB techniques are sufficient to address all administrative challenges.
Consider the following statements about Classical Theories of Administration:
They emphasize efficiency, productivity, and formal organizational structures.
They recognize the importance of informal social relationships and group dynamics.
Max Weber’s bureaucracy is based on rational-legal authority and formal rules.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which of the following statements about the definition of administration is/are not correct?
i. Administration is derived from the Latin words ad and ministrare, meaning 'to serve' or 'to manage.'
ii. Administration requires a collective effort but does not necessarily involve a common purpose.
iii. Administration is a universal process that occurs only in governmental settings.
Consider the following statements about the purpose of administration:
i. Administration, according to John A. Veig, aims to prevent developments that conflict with intended outcomes.
ii. Ordway Tead views administration as the integration of human efforts to produce a desired result.
iii. Herbert A. Simon restricts administration to the management of material resources only.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements.
Assertion (A): Private administration focuses on profit as its primary objective.
Reason (R): Public administration’s objectives are often measurable in monetary terms and checked by accountancy methods.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
(A) and (R) are false.