Question

What is the key difference between classical and operant conditioning?

• A. Classical conditioning focuses on voluntary behaviors, while operant conditioning focuses on involuntary reflexes.
• B. Classical conditioning involves consequences of behavior, while operant conditioning involves associations between stimuli.
• C. Classical conditioning focuses on involuntary reflexes, while operant conditioning focuses on voluntary behaviors.
• D. There is no difference between classical and operant conditioning.

Answer 1

Answer:

C. Classical conditioning focuses on involuntary reflexes, while operant conditioning focuses on voluntary behaviors.

The key difference between classical and operant conditioning lies in the type of behavior they address. Classical conditioning focuses on involuntary reflexes and the association between stimuli, while operant conditioning focuses on voluntary behaviors and the consequences (rewards and punishments) that influence them. Pavlov's experiments with dogs and salivation exemplify classical conditioning, whereas Skinner's experiments with rats and levers illustrate operant conditioning.