Question

What is the main focus of operant conditioning?

• A. Association between stimuli
• B. Consequences of behavior
• C. Involuntary reflexes
• D. Internal mental processes

Answer 1

Answer:

B. Consequences of behavior

Operant conditioning, developed by B.F. Skinner, focuses on how behavior is influenced by its consequences. Unlike classical conditioning, which deals with involuntary responses, operant conditioning involves voluntary behaviors that are strengthened by reinforcement (rewards) or weakened by punishment. Skinner's experiments with rats and pigeons in operant conditioning chambers (Skinner boxes) demonstrated how positive and negative consequences shape behavior. This principle is widely applied in education, parenting, workplaces, and therapy to modify behavior through systematic rewards and punishments.