Question

What is the maximum payload capacity of India’s upcoming Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV) to Low Earth Orbit (LEO)?

• A. 10 tonnes
• B. 20 tonnes
• C. 30 tonnes
• D. 40 tonnes

Answer 1

Answer:

C. 30 tonnes

Overview of NGLV (Next Generation Launch Vehicle)

• The NGLV, often referred to as the 'Soorya' vehicle by ISRO, is being developed as a cost-effective, three-stage, heavy-lift launch vehicle.
• It is designed to replace the workhorse Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and potentially phase out the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) in the long term.
• The vehicle focuses on reusability, significantly reducing the cost per kilogram of payload sent into space.

Key Specifications and Payload

• Payload Capacity: The NGLV is designed to carry a maximum payload of approximately 10 tonnes (10,000 kg) to Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
• Design Philosophy: It utilizes a semi-cryogenic propulsion system for the first stage and liquid oxygen/methane (methalox) engines for the upper stages, emphasizing sustainable and eco-friendly propellants.
• Modular Structure: The launch vehicle is designed with a modular architecture to allow for different mission configurations depending on the payload requirements and orbit types.

Strategic Importance

• Reusability: One of the primary objectives of the NGLV project is to develop a reusable launch vehicle architecture similar to the SpaceX Falcon 9, which is critical for making future space missions economically viable for ISRO.
• Future Applications: The NGLV is envisioned to play a vital role in ISRO's future deep space missions, the Bharatiya Antariksha Station (Indian Space Station) construction, and high-cadence satellite constellation launches.
• Cost Efficiency: By utilizing simplified manufacturing processes and advanced propulsion, NGLV aims to achieve a significantly lower launch cost compared to current heavy-lift vehicles like the LVM3.