Question

What kind of liability did members of Danish dairy co-operatives have?

• A. Limited liability
• B. Unlimited liability
• C. Joint and several liability
• D. Strict liability

Answer 1

Answer:

B. Unlimited liability

Dairy Co-operatives in Denmark

• Cream Separator: Invented by L.C. Nielsen (1878)

• Father of Dairy Co-operatives: Stilling Anderson

• Started first dairy co-op in 1882 in Jutland

• LURBRAND: Trade name under which co-op dairy products are sold

• Bull Clubs: Cattle Breeding Societies

• Young Farmers Club: Promoted co-operative spirit among rural youth

• Feature: Unlimited liability for dairy co-op members

Co-operation in Allied Sectors

Bacon Industry

• Co-operative Bacon Industry at Horsens (1887)

• Members had limited liability

Poultry Development

• Co-operative Egg Export Associations (1895)

• DAAG (1975) – Central egg marketing & selling society

Insurance

• ALKA – Co-operative Insurance Society (established in 1944)

Consumer Co-operatives

• FDB (1896) – Federation of Danish Co-operative Stores → Based on Rochdale Principles → Became Coop Amba in 2013

• FDB recognize as apex consumer organization society in 1973