When did Michael Faraday discover electromagnetic induction, the principle behind the electric transformer and generator?
A1853
B1820
C1875
D1831
Answer:
D. 1831
Read Explanation:
Michael Faraday's Discovery of Electromagnetic Induction
- The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction was discovered by the English scientist Michael Faraday in the year 1831.
- This discovery is fundamental to the operation of electrical transformers and generators.
- Faraday's experiments demonstrated that a changing magnetic field can produce an electric current in a nearby conductor.
- He formulated two laws of induction:
- Faraday's Law of Induction states that the induced electromotive force (EMF) in any closed circuit is equal to the negative of the time rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit.
- Lenz's Law (formulated by Emil Lenz but experimentally verified by Faraday) describes the direction of the induced current, stating that it opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it.
- Faraday's work was a significant advancement in the understanding of electricity and magnetism, laying the groundwork for much of modern electrical technology.
- He also invented the first electric generator, known as the Faraday disk, which produced a small amount of direct current.
- This discovery is a cornerstone concept tested in competitive exams related to physics, particularly in the sections on electricity and magnetism.