Question

Which early 19th-century novel explores themes of forbidden knowledge and the dangers of scientific ambition, often considered a precursor to science fiction?

• A. The Vampyre
• B. Frankenstein
• C. Northanger Abbey
• D. Waverley

Answer 1

Answer:

B. Frankenstein

Mary Shelley's *Frankenstein* - A Literary Analysis for Competitive Exams

• Publication: The novel was first published anonymously in 1818, and a revised edition appeared in 1831.
• Genre Precursor: Often hailed as one of the earliest examples of science fiction, it predates many conventions of the genre.
• Core Themes: Explores profound philosophical and ethical questions, including:
  • The nature of creation and humanity.
  • The consequences of unchecked scientific ambition and hubris.
  • The perils of forbidden knowledge and playing 'God'.
  • Societal rejection and the need for companionship.
  • Responsibility of the creator towards their creation.
• Inspiration: The idea for the novel reportedly stemmed from a ghost story competition among Mary Shelley, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Lord Byron, and John Polidori during a summer retreat near Lake Geneva in 1816, famously known as the 'Year Without a Summer'.
• Key Characters:
  • Victor Frankenstein: A brilliant but morally ambiguous scientist whose ambition leads to tragedy.
  • The Creature: An unnamed being, abandoned by his creator, who seeks understanding and love but faces universal fear and prejudice.
• Literary Influences: Draws upon Gothic literature traditions and Enlightenment ideals, particularly the scientific advancements and philosophical debates of the era.
• Impact: Its enduring influence can be seen in countless adaptations across literature, film, and theatre, making the 'Frankenstein' myth a significant part of popular culture.
• Exam Relevance: Understanding these themes, characters, and historical context is crucial for answering questions related to Romantic literature, early science fiction, and thematic analysis in English Literature exams.