Question

Which of the following best describes horizontal inequality?

1. Disparities between different ethnic or religious groups.
2. Differences in income between the rich and the poor.
3. Gender pay gaps within a profession.

• A. 1, 3
• B. 2 only
• C. 1 only
• D. All

Answer 1

Answer:

C. 1 only

• Horizontal inequality refers to inequality among culturally defined or constructed groups (i.e. inter-group e.g. by ethnicity, religion).

• There is growing evidence that the nature and level of horizontal inequality are important determinants of the 'risk of violent conflict'.

• Group inequality generates powerful grievances which leaders can use to mobilise people to political protest.