Mughal architecture emerged as a unique synthesis of pre-Turkish construction techniques, combining trabeated (post-and-lintel) and arcuate (arched) forms to create a distinct style.
Hindu Rajput palaces, especially, played a crucial role in shaping this architectural evolution, evident in features like trabeate structures and intricately carved pillars.
Characterized by precise linear divisions and an emphasis on refined craftsmanship, Mughal architecture incorporated key elements such as bulbous domes and the extensive use of red sandstone and white marble.
Decorative motifs included geometric and floral patterns, Arabic and Persian calligraphy, vibrant tilework, and intricate pietra dura (stone inlay) designs.
Architectural highlights included jalis (latticed screens), chhatris, and jharokhas (overhanging enclosed balconies), along with grand fortified citadels, mosques, and monumental mausoleums—each reflecting the opulence and artistic sophistication of Mughal patronage.
Additionally, the Mughals oversaw the construction of essential public buildings such as sarais (rest houses), bridges, and baolis (stepwells).
Gardens were integral to Mughal architecture, often designed with running water, a hallmark of their palaces and pleasure resorts.
These meticulously planned gardens served as both independent landscapes and essential components of larger architectural complexes, underscoring the Mughals' deep appreciation for nature and aesthetic harmony.
