Question

Which of the following is a human-made water body created by blocking the flow of a river or stream?

• A. Oxbow lake
• B. Estuary
• C. Lagoon
• D. Reservoir

Answer 1

Answer:

D. Reservoir

Reservoir Fundamentals

A Reservoir is an artificial or natural storage area which holds water. In the context of the question, it specifically refers to a human-made water body.

Formation of Human-Made Reservoirs

• These reservoirs are typically created by the construction of a dam across a river or stream.

• The dam obstructs the natural flow of water, causing it to accumulate upstream behind the barrier.

• This impounded water forms the reservoir.

Purpose and Significance

• Water Supply: Reservoirs serve as a crucial source of water for drinking, agriculture (irrigation), and industrial purposes.

• Hydroelectric Power: The stored water can be released through turbines in a dam to generate electricity. Many major dams in India are multipurpose projects that include power generation. For example, the Bhakra Dam on the Sutlej River generates significant hydroelectric power.

• Flood Control: Reservoirs help regulate river flow, reducing the risk and severity of downstream floods during monsoon seasons.

• Recreation: Many reservoirs also offer opportunities for recreational activities like boating and fishing.

• Navigation: In some cases, reservoirs can improve navigability on rivers.