Question

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a policy intervention contributing to poverty reduction in Kerala?

• A. Land reforms
• B. Universal education and health care
• C. Abolition of private property
• D. Democratic decentralisation

Answer 1

Answer:

C. Abolition of private property

• Kerala Model of Development: This refers to a unique development strategy adopted by the state of Kerala in India, characterized by high levels of social development (education, health, land reforms) despite relatively lower per capita income compared to other Indian states.
• Key Policy Interventions in Kerala for Poverty Reduction: Kerala's success in poverty reduction is attributed to a combination of specific policy measures implemented over several decades. These include:
  • Land Reforms: Significant land redistribution programs, such as the Kerala Land Reforms Act of 1969, aimed to give land to the landless, reducing rural poverty and inequality.
  • Investment in Human Capital: High public spending on education and healthcare has led to high literacy rates and improved health indicators, empowering the population and enhancing their earning potential.
  • Public Distribution System (PDS): An efficient and widespread PDS ensures access to essential food grains at subsidized prices, directly mitigating hunger and poverty.
  • Decentralized Governance: Strengthening local self-governance (Panchayati Raj institutions) has enabled better targeting of anti-poverty programs and increased citizen participation.
  • Empowerment of Marginalized Groups: Focus on affirmative action and social welfare schemes for Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), and women has played a crucial role.
• Abolition of Private Property: While some socialist principles might influence economic policies, the outright abolition of private property has not been a stated or implemented policy intervention contributing to poverty reduction in Kerala's development model. Kerala's strategy has focused on redistributive justice within a mixed economy framework, not on the complete elimination of private ownership.
• Competitive Exam Relevance: Understanding the specific policy tools used in Kerala's development model is crucial for exams focusing on Indian economy, development economics, and state-specific GK for Kerala PSC and similar examinations. Distinguishing between policies that were implemented and theoretical concepts not put into practice is key to answering such questions correctly.