Which of the following is not one of the technological categories proposed by Joan Woodward?
AUnit and small-batch production
BMass production
CContinuous process production
DRobotic and AI-driven production
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Related Questions:
The characteristic feature of classical theory that views human motivation solely through material rewards is rooted in the concept of the:
How are task-oriented and relationship-oriented leadership styles viewed in Fiedler’s theory?
Consider the following statements regarding the Central Theme of Classical Theory:
I. The central theme was summarized by Gulick and Urwick as principles arrived inductively from the study of human organization to govern human association.
II. These principles can be studied as a technical question, irrespective of the enterprise's purpose, personnel, or underlying constitutional, political, or social theory.
III. Classical theory emphasizes that administration is not a science, rejecting universal applicability of its principles across all organizations.
What distinguishes a Functional Organisation structure?
Consider the following statements on criticisms of classical theory by scholars like Simon and Waldo:
The theory is deemed unscientific due to unverified principles under controlled conditions, leading to inconsistencies and tautologies.
Herbert Simon critiqued principles as "proverbs" with contradictory pairs, lacking universal validity for organizational design.
It overemphasizes human motivation through non-economic factors, aligning with Hawthorne experiments on social influences.