Urdu Literature
Urdu began to emerge as a distinct language towards the end of the 14th century AD.
It developed from the interaction between Hindi and Persian, and gained momentum through its use in the Bahmani kingdoms of Ahmednagar, Golkonda, Bijapur, and Berar.
In these southern regions, it was often referred to as Dakshini or Dakkhani (meaning southern).
The earliest known Urdu poet is believed to be Amir Khusrau.
He began composing poetry during the reign of Sultan Balban and was a disciple of the Sufi saint Nizamuddin Auliya.
Among his notable works are Laila Majnun and Ayina-i-Sikandari, the latter being dedicated to Alauddin Khilji.
Other celebrated Urdu poets include Ghalib, Zauq, and Iqbal.
Iqbal’s poetry is compiled in his book Bang-i-Dara.
One of his most famous patriotic poems, Sare Jahan Se Achha Hindustan Hamara, continues to be recited and played at national events in India.
Urdu has also introduced a distinct poetic form known as the nazm.
