Which of the following social organisations was founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in 1875?
APrarthana Samaj
BSatyashodhak Samaj
CArya Samaj
DBrahmo Samaj
Answer:
C. Arya Samaj
Read Explanation:
Arya Samaj: A Reformist Movement
Founder and Foundation:
- Founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in 1875.
- The first branch was established in Mumbai.
- Later, the headquarters was shifted to Lahore (present-day Pakistan).
Core Ideals and Principles:
- "Back to the Vedas": Advocated for returning to the original teachings of the Vedas, rejecting later Vedic interpretations and Puranic Hinduism.
- Monotheism: Believed in one God and opposed idol worship.
- Rejection of Superstitions: Strove to eradicate superstitious beliefs and practices.
- Social Reforms: Promoted gender equality, widow remarriage, and opposed the caste system (specifically hereditary caste distinctions).
- Emphasis on Education: Advocated for modern education, including scientific subjects, alongside traditional Vedic studies.
Key Contributions and Impact:
- Established numerous Gurukuls and Dayanand Anglo-Vedic (DAV) Schools, which played a significant role in promoting education in India.
- The Arya Samaj's emphasis on rationalism and Vedic authority influenced other social and religious reformers.
- Played a crucial role in the Hindu revivalist movement and the promotion of Indian nationalism.
- Swami Dayananda Saraswati's autobiography, "My Life and Mission", provides insights into his life and the Arya Samaj movement.
Notable Figures Associated with Arya Samaj:
- Lala Lajpat Rai
- Pandita Ramabai