Question

Which of the following statements about the Election Commission's powers are correct?

i. It prepares and revises electoral rolls.
ii. It can advise the President on disqualification of Members of Parliament.
iii. It can cancel elections due to booth capturing or violence.
iv. It can make laws regarding elections independently without Parliament.

• A. i, ii and iii only
• B. ii and iv only
• C. i and iv only
• D. All are correct

Answer 1

Answer:

A. i, ii and iii only

Powers and Functions of the Election Commission of India (ECI)

• Constitutional Body: The Election Commission of India is a permanent and independent constitutional body established by Article 324 of the Constitution of India.
• Electoral Rolls Management: One of the primary duties of the ECI is to prepare, update, and revise the electoral rolls (voter lists) for all elections, ensuring that all eligible citizens are registered and that the rolls are accurate and up-to-date. This includes adding new voters and removing deceased or ineligible ones.
• Advisory Role in Disqualification: The ECI has the power to advise the President of India on matters relating to the disqualification of Members of Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) under Article 103(2) of the Constitution. This advice is binding on the President.
• Conduct of Elections: The ECI is responsible for conducting free and fair elections to Parliament, state legislatures, and the offices of the President and Vice-President. This involves setting election schedules, appointing election officials, and ensuring the smooth conduct of the entire electoral process.
• Cancellation of Elections: In cases of malpractices such as booth capturing, widespread violence, or other irregularities that compromise the fairness of the election, the ECI has the power to cancel polls in a particular constituency or polling station and order a re-election.
• Oversight of Model Code of Conduct: The ECI enforces the Model Code of Conduct, a set of guidelines to ensure free and fair elections. While not a law, it is strictly adhered to by political parties and candidates.
• Limitations on Power: The ECI cannot make laws regarding elections independently. The power to make laws concerning elections lies with the Parliament, as per Article 327 of the Constitution. The ECI functions within the framework of laws made by Parliament.