Question

Which of the following statements accurately describes an epidemic?

1. An epidemic refers to a minor, expected fluctuation in disease cases within a population.
2. It signifies an unusual increase in the number of cases of an infectious disease already present in a specific region or population.
3. An epidemic can also describe the emergence of a significant number of cases of an infectious disease in an area or population typically free from that particular illness.
4. The term 'epidemic' is exclusively used for non-infectious diseases.

• A. ii
• B. iii മാത്രം
• C. ii, iii
• D. iii

Answer 1

Answer:

C. ii, iii

An epidemic represents a significant public health event where a disease, whether new to an area or already present, shows an unexpected and rapid surge in cases. This increase goes beyond what is typically expected for a given time and place, indicating a breakdown in normal disease control or an increased risk factor. Understanding this definition is crucial for public health agencies to implement timely interventions and prevent further spread, distinguishing it from an 'endemic' disease (consistently present at low levels) or a 'pandemic' (a global epidemic).