Question

Which of the following statements are correct regarding Minamata disease ?

1. It is an infectious disease.
2. It was caused by consumption of fish containing lead.
3. It was caused by consumption of fish containing mercury.
4. It was caused by consumption of fish containing cadmium.
5. It affects the central nervous system.
6. It affects respiratory system.

• A. iii and vi are correct
• B. iii and v are correct
• C. i and ii are correct
• D. ii and vi are correct

Answer 1

Answer:

B. iii and v are correct

• Minamata Disease: It is a neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning. It is not an infectious disease but rather a toxicological condition resulting from environmental contamination.
• Origin: The disease was first discovered in Minamata City, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan, in 1956. It was caused by the release of methylmercury into the wastewater from the Chisso Corporation's chemical factory.
• Transmission: The mercury bioaccumulated in shellfish and fish in Minamata Bay, which, when consumed by the local population, led to severe mercury poisoning.
• Health Impact: Mercury is a potent neurotoxin. Symptoms include ataxia, numbness in the hands and feet, general muscle weakness, loss of peripheral vision, and damage to hearing and speech. In extreme cases, it leads to insanity, paralysis, coma, and death. It primarily targets the central nervous system.
• Comparison with other diseases:
  • Itai-itai disease: Caused by the ingestion of cadmium, primarily affecting bones and the kidneys.
  • Lead poisoning: Often associated with anemia, hypertension, and developmental issues, but not specifically linked to the Minamata incident.