Who is recognized as the "Father of Rubber Cultivation" in India?
ASir Henry Wickham
BJohn Joseph Murphy
CDr. Varghese Kurien
DMattupetty
Answer:
B. John Joseph Murphy
Read Explanation:
John Joseph Murphy: The Pioneer of Rubber Cultivation in India
John Joseph Murphy is widely acknowledged as the Father of Rubber Cultivation in India.
He was instrumental in establishing the first rubber plantations in the region.
His efforts laid the foundation for what is now a significant agricultural industry in India.
Background and Contributions:
Murphy, an intrepid planter, recognized the potential for rubber cultivation in the tropical climate of India, particularly in the Western Ghats.
He arrived in India in the early 20th century and began experimenting with rubber saplings.
He selected suitable lands, often hilly terrains with abundant rainfall, for planting rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis).
Murphy’s work involved not just planting but also understanding the agronomy of rubber, pest management, and processing techniques suitable for the Indian context.
His success inspired many others to venture into rubber cultivation, leading to the expansion of plantations across Kerala and other southern states.
Impact on Indian Agriculture:
Rubber cultivation, pioneered by Murphy, became a major cash crop, significantly contributing to the economy of Kerala, which is often referred to as the "rubber capital of India".
The industry provides employment to a large number of people, from plantation workers to those involved in processing and manufacturing.
India is now one of the major producers of natural rubber globally.