Question

Salinization occurs when the irrigation water accumulated in the soil evaporates, leaving behind salts and minerals. What are the effects of salinization on the irrigated land? (UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination- 2011)

• A. It greatly increases the crop production
• B. It makes some soils impermeable
• C. It raises the water table
• D. It fills the air spaces in the soil with water

Answer 1

Answer:

B. It makes some soils impermeable

Salinization has several effects on irrigated land:

1. Soil infertility: High salt concentrations can make soil less fertile, reducing crop yields.

2. Reduced water availability: Salts can reduce the soil's ability to absorb water, making it harder for plants to access water.

3. Soil erosion: Salinization can lead to soil erosion, as the soil structure breaks down.

4. Changes in soil pH: Salts can alter the soil's pH, affecting microbial activity and nutrient availability.

5. Decreased crop diversity: Salinization can limit the types of crops that can be grown, as some plants are more sensitive to salt than others.