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താഴെപ്പറയുന്നവയില്‍ ആരാണ് ആദ്യമായി ഇന്ത്യയുമായി വാണിജ്യബന്ധം സ്ഥാപിച്ചത്?

Aഇംഗ്ലണ്ട്‌

Bഫ്രാന്‍സ്‌

Cപോര്‍ച്ചുഗല്‍

Dഡച്ച്

Answer:

C. പോര്‍ച്ചുഗല്‍

Read Explanation:

Near the end of the 15th century, Portuguese sailor Vasco da Gama became the first European to re-establish direct trade links with India since Roman times by being the first to arrive by circumnavigating Africa (c. 1497–1499).


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  1. The early labour movements were primarily focused on economic demands, such as higher wages and improved working conditions, and did not initially engage with anti-colonial politics.
  2. The growth of industrial towns like Bombay and Calcutta in the late 19th century gave rise to a more organized working class, which began forming trade unions to challenge colonial policies.
  3. British industrial policies actively encouraged the formation of trade unions in India, as they believed this would prevent large-scale rebellions.
  4. Despite facing repression, labour movements gradually became linked with the broader nationalist struggle, particularly during the 1920s and 1930s.